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还在为中枢神经系统药物副作用难以预测而头疼？这篇《Translational Psychiatry》新文甩出HHAN-DSI模型——用多模态知识图谱+层级异质图注意力网络，不光精准揪出氯胺酮致幻、抑郁等未收录副作用，更通过基因-药物-副作用路径可视化，把机制讲得明明白白，连CYP3A4代谢、TPH2血清素通路、DRD2多巴胺调控都给你标得清清楚楚！ 福利大放送！！！关注回复“资料”2字，即可免费领取生信资料，包括数据集、绘图代码、图表复现、思路总结、参考文献......0代码鼠标点一点，就能轻松完成5—10分生信SCI全文复现!（持续关注我们，每天为您解读最新见刊的文献!） 新鲜出炉！今天给大家深度剖析一篇 2026年发表在《Translational Psychiatry》上的文章，题目为：基于生物学信息引导的图神经网络可解释预测中枢神经系统药物副作用 Explainable drug side effect prediction in central neural system via biologically informed graph neural network. 本研究提出HHAN-DSI模型，一种基于层级异质图注意力网络的可解释药物副作用预测方法，聚焦中枢神经系统（CNS），整合药物、副作用、基因及基因本体（GO）的多模态相互作用，利用生物语义约束的知识路径进行节点嵌入与可解释子图生成，实现对已知及新型CNS相关副作用的高精度预测与机制解析。 影响因子：6.2 发表期刊：Translational Psychiatry 团队成员合影（位于上海陆家嘴中心，可随时预约参观） 向下滑动查看更多 CNSknowall 平台 Pubmed+AI 快速提炼研究亮点·研究思路·研究结果·研究结论 研究亮点 1.聚焦CNS高风险领域： 中枢神经系统是药物副作用发生率最高的器官系统，该研究针对性构建CNS特异性知识图谱，覆盖1782种药物、2657种副作用、19392个基因和9798个GO条目，直击临床易漏诊、误诊的神经精神类副作用。 2.首创层级异质图注意力架构： 提出Hierarchical Heterogeneous Attention Network（HHAN）用于药物-副作用交互（DSI）预测，通过基因→药物→副作用的三级生物语义流建模，确保信息传播严格遵循生物学逻辑。 3.知识路径驱动的可解释性设计： 定义“知识路径”（如gene-drug、drug-drug、SE-drug-SE等）作为生物语义单元，结合节点级与语义级注意力权重，定量评估各路径对预测的贡献，实现从黑箱预测到白盒机制的跃迁。 4.多维度验证体系支撑可靠性： 内部验证（SIDER数据）AUROC达0.945、AUPRC达0.364；外部验证中，对已知副作用药物（OFFSIDES）AUROC为0.813、AUPRC为0.652，对全新药物（535种OFFSIDES独有药）AUROC达0.847、AUPRC达0.498，证实强泛化能力。 5.机制可视化落地临床关切： 以氯胺酮为例，成功解析其致幻（hallucination）与致抑郁（depression）的多通路机制，涵盖CYP3A4代谢关联双相障碍、TPH2血清素合成调控、DRD2多巴胺受体干扰、HTR1B受体激活矛盾效应及皮质醇异常升高等路径，并获OFFSIDES真实世界数据支持。 核心创新点 1.生物语义层级约束的图学习范式： 区别于通用图神经网络，HHAN-DSI在编码器层面强制限定信息仅沿预定义生物路径（如gene→drug→SE）流动，将“基因-基因互作”“药物化学相似性”“基因-副作用药理遗传关联”等不同模态证据分通道建模，避免语义混淆。 2.知识路径重要性量化新方法： 首次系统评估各类知识路径（如gene-gene、drug-drug、gene-SE、SE-drug-SE）对副作用预测的相对贡献，发现物理基因互作、药物结构相似性、基因-副作用关联均为关键驱动因素，且SE-drug-SE路径提示共发副作用可能存在共同组织功能基础。 3.面向稀疏数据的鲁棒预测能力： 在药物-副作用关联极度稀疏场景下（如新药无历史副作用记录），模型仍保持高AUPRC，归因于其能通过化学指纹（RDKit）、靶点基因（STITCH/DrugBank）及药理遗传证据（PharmGKB）跨模态桥接未知药物至已有生物知识网络。 4.可解释子图生成与通路富集双重验证： 基于注意力权重提取关键子图后，进一步对其中高权重drug-gene互作基因开展GO生物学过程富集分析，显著富集神经免疫信号、肽/激素信号及免疫调控通路（FDR < 10⁻⁴⁰），从统计学层面确证模型解释的生物学真实性。 5.临床假阳性再定义与价值重估： 将未被SIDER收录但被模型高置信预测、且获OFFSIDES数据支持的副作用（如氯胺酮致“渗透性脱髓鞘综合征”）界定为“标签不全型假阳性”，揭示模型具备挖掘罕见、迟发、非典型副作用的潜力，远超传统数据库覆盖范围。 研究背景 药物副作用（SE）是患者照护的重大挑战，亦造成药物研发巨额成本。FDA不良事件报告系统（FAERS）2021年数据显示，副作用报告达230万例，致死19万例，其中140万例涉及未标注于药品说明书的 unforeseen SE。中枢神经系统（CNS）相关副作用尤为棘手——易被医护人员忽视，可波及运动、心血管、呼吸等多系统，引发头晕、抑郁、癫痫甚至认知障碍，严重影响生活质量。传统体外/体内实验成本高、通量低，临床试验受限于人群多样性与周期长度，大量SE仅在上市后暴露。因此，亟需可解释、高精度、适用于CNS领域的计算预测新方法。 研究思路 1.知识图谱构建： 整合SIDER（药品说明书来源）与OFFSIDES（FAERS上市后数据）的CNS相关副作用；融合DrugBank、STITCH、Drug Repurposing Hub的药物靶点数据；采用RDKit计算药物化学结构相似性；纳入BioSNAP物理蛋白互作网络及GO生物学过程注释，构建含药物、副作用、基因、GO四类节点的多模态知识图谱。 2.HHAN-DSI模型开发： 设计三层知识路径引导编码器（基因/药物/副作用专用），引入节点级注意力（Eq.2–4）与语义级注意力（Eq.5–6）联合加权，生成生物语义约束的节点嵌入；采用TransE评分函数（Eq.8）量化drug-SE关联强度；构建learning-to-rank框架（Eq.9），以pairwise hinge loss优化排序性能。 3.模型训练与验证： 使用SIDER数据训练，OFFSIDES数据独立外推验证；设置5折交叉验证；内部验证聚焦SIDER内药物，外部验证分两类：已知副作用药物（observed drugs）与全新药物（new drugs）；评估指标采用AUROC与AUPRC，重点考察严重类别不平衡下的排序精度。 4.可解释性机制解析： 基于注意力权重提取关键子图（如氯胺酮→hallucination/depression）；人工解读子图中高权重路径（如Ketamine-CYP3A4-Bipolar disorder-Hallucination）；对子图中drug-gene互作基因进行GO生物学过程富集分析，定量验证通路合理性。 5.临床相关性评估： 对模型Top-K预测结果进行OFFSIDES数据回溯验证，统计支持率；分析预测SE在CIOMS频率分类中的分布（如“常见”“偶见”），确认模型对非高频SE的识别能力。 研究结果 1.知识图谱表征有效性： UMAP可视化显示节点嵌入按实体类型（药物/副作用/基因/GO）清晰聚类，边缘节点（如神经相关SE、血液相关SE、外周药物如Azatadine）Jaccard指数高，证实模型成功捕获生物语义相似性。 2.生物知识约束增益显著： 消融实验证明，移除生物语义约束后模型AUPRC全面下降，尤其在低关联数场景降幅更大，证实生物先验对提升稀疏数据预测精度的关键作用。 3.性能全面超越基线： 相比Decagon、vanilla GNN及矩阵分解法，HHAN-DSI在AUPRC上显著领先（0.364 vs. 0.253/0.281/0.261），表明其在严重类别不平衡下优先识别临床相关副作用的能力更强。 4.排名性能稳健可靠： Precision@20达0.426（FPR@20=0.006），Recall@200达0.809（FPR<0.08），证明模型可在极低假阳性率下高效召回真实副作用；Top-20假阳性中>80%获OFFSIDES支持，印证其预测的临床可信度。 5.机制解析深度扎实： 对氯胺酮的hallucination子图，识别出CYP3A4代谢通路、Olanzapine/Gabapentin结构相似性通路及POMC内源性阿片系统通路；对depression子图，锁定TPH2血清素通路、ACE/CDC42-DRD2多巴胺通路、FGF2-HTR1B受体通路及Lamotrigine-Cushing’s syndrome皮质醇通路；GO富集分析高度吻合这些通路的神经免疫与激素调控本质。 研究结论与讨论 结论：HHAN-DSI模型通过层级异质图注意力网络，成功实现了CNS药物副作用的高精度、可解释预测。其核心在于将生物知识（基因互作、药物相似性、药理遗传关联）编码为结构化知识路径，并通过双层注意力机制量化各路径贡献，使预测不仅准确，而且机制透明。模型在新药预测中表现优异，证实其能有效利用化学与基因组相似性桥接未知药物至既有知识网络。对氯胺酮等典型药物的机制解析，不仅复现了已知通路（如TPH2、DRD2），更揭示了SE-drug-SE共现模式及皮质醇轴异常等潜在新机制，为后续实验验证与安全监测提供精准靶点。 具体研究结果  1. CNS相关知识图谱表示与图模型开发 我们的研究提出了用于药物-副作用相互作用的分层异质注意力网络（Hierarchical Heterogeneous Attention Network for Drug-Side Effect Interaction, HHAN-DSI），这是一种新型的基于图的模型，旨在预测药物潜在的副作用（SEs）。HHAN-DSI构建于一个全面的知识图谱之上，该图谱整合了药物、副作用、基因及基因本体（GO）之间的多模态相互作用（图1a，数据来源，表4），并聚焦于中枢神经系统（CNS）。我们的方法符合支撑这些关系的生物学逻辑，确保从基因到药物和副作用的信息流在生物学上具有一致性（图1b1，图表示模型）。在本研究中，我们使用“生物语义”（biological semantic）一词指代一种生物学上可区分的相互作用或关系类型（例如，基因–基因、基因–药物、药物–副作用），每种类型代表一种特定形式的生物学证据。我们进一步将“知识路径”（knowledge path）定义为连接两个实体的此类相互作用的有序序列（例如，药物-基因-药物、基因-副作用-基因），在知识图谱中编码一条生物学上有意义的轨迹，通过该轨迹分子或药理学效应可能传播。 我们设计的模型能够直观地映射连接遗传和分子特征与其所影响药物及可能引发副作用的生物知识路径（知识路径选择中正式定义）。通过追踪这些知识路径，我们的模型提供了一种遵循既定分层生物语义的方法（表1，知识路径 表1. 知识路径类型及其生物学含义。 选择）。该方法提供了生物学知识约束。具体而言，每种类型的生物实体——基因、药物或副作用——均通过独特的编码器（即图模型组件，“知识路径引导编码器”）进行表示，以捕捉其各自的生物语义。随后，这些语义被系统性地整合，反映了“基因层面的相互作用有助于理解药物和副作用相互作用”这一生物学原理，从而构成学习生物体内复杂关系网络的基础。 HHAN-DSI不仅被训练用于识别已存在的药物-副作用相互作用（即图中已有的药物-副作用边），还能预测此前未观察到的新药物-副作用相互作用（即图中缺失的药物-副作用边）。它通过将复杂的生物相互作用转化为节点嵌入（node embeddings）来实现这一目标，这些嵌入反映了生物语义及整体图结构。该过程采用一种称为TransE [23] 的评分系统（TransE评分系统），根据药物和副作用的嵌入计算得分，以量化某药物引发特定副作用的可能性。为优化模型识别药物-副作用相互作用的能力，我们采用了称为“学习排序”（learning-to-rank）的优化策略（图1c，学习排序框架与排序损失）：给定某种药物，模型被鼓励为其实际引发的副作用赋予更高的预测得分。得分最高的副作用可能需要更多关注，因为它们极有可能与该药物相关。生物学家可以信赖模型对潜在副作用的建议，因为这些建议基于对已知相互作用的可靠重构，支持科学合理的结论。 利用重要性权重计算方法（图1d，知识路径引导编码器）和可视化方法（可解释子图生成），模型可通过推断显著影响预测结果的生物相互作用来解释潜在副作用机制。为全面捕捉各种因素，我们基于模型推断出的单个相互作用相对于邻近节点的归一化权重，以及知识路径相对于其他知识路径的归一化权重，分析了重要的相互作用。 2. CNS相关副作用预测结果 我们利用该模型深入研究了CNS相关副作用，并解释了药物-副作用相互作用背后的潜在生物学机制。为全面探索CNS相关副作用，我们从最新的SIDER [24] 数据库获取数据用于模型训练，并使用OFFSIDES [11] 进行外部验证（数据来源）。 通过UMAP对节点嵌入进行可视化。我们的副作用预测模型开发聚焦于CNS，最初关注模型生成能封装多模态相互作用的节点嵌入的能力。我们采用Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection（UMAP）[25] 对模型输出的节点嵌入进行可视化，旨在评估其捕获并维持相似实体间生物背景的有效性。嵌入结果根据生物实体相似性呈现出明显的聚类（图2），有效捕捉了知识图谱的拓扑结构。位于聚类边缘的节点显示出较高的Jaccard指数值（补充图2），表明这些节点之间具有高度相似性。例如，代表神经相关副作用和血液相关副作用的节点分别明显位于各自聚类的边缘。位于药物节点组边缘的药物如Azatadine、Chlorphenoxamine和Clidinium，通过药物-药物或靶点相似性显示出关联。同样，位于基因节点组边缘的基因如TACR2、TACR3、TAC3、OXTR、CXCR2和GRM8被识别为密切相关，因为它们受到相同药物的影响。UMAP可视化有效展示了模型 Fig. 2 Node embedding via UMAP visualization. Each point shows the position of a node's 2-dimensional UMAP embedding derived from model outputs. Different colors show the node type. We annotated some nodes that have high Jaccard Index values, which means that they are similar to each other. 在节点嵌入中保留生物语义的能力，反映了知识图谱中固有的复杂关系。 结合生物知识约束的模型性能评估。在验证节点嵌入有效性后，我们评估了将生物知识整合进模型的影响。我们进行了消融研究，省略了生物知识框架，并评估了对比性能。具体而言，我们提出的模型与基线模型“无生物知识约束”（图1b2）在训练数据集中不同数量的药物-副作用相互作用下进行了训练。该实验旨在模拟这样的情景：大量药物在模型学习过程中缺乏先验暴露，且训练数据集中副作用的发生率较低。所提出的模型在整个训练数据中药物-副作用相互作用数量范围内始终表现出更优的AUPRC指标，尤其在关联数量较少时提升尤为显著（图3）。这些发现证实了将生物知识约束引入模型的优势，特别是在仅有有限观测数据（如新型药物实体）的情况下，有助于检测未观察到的副作用。 与其他基于图和非图基线模型的比较。我们将所提出的模型与多个其他基线模型进行了比较，包括Decagon [26]、普通GNN（vanilla GNN）以及非图矩阵分解方法。如补充表1所示，Decagon和普通GNN取得了较高的AUROC值（分别为0.990和0.985），反映出在正负药物–副作用对之间具有强大的全局判别能力。然而，这两种方法的AUPRC显著低于我们的模型，表明在严重类别不平衡情况下对真实副作用的排序精度较低。相比之下，我们的生物信息引导模型取得了最高的AUPRC（0.364），优于所有基线模型，包括Decagon（0.253）、普通GNN（0.281）和矩阵分解（0.261）。这表明，尽管通用图卷积和潜在因子模型能够捕捉广泛的相互作用模式，但在优先排序临床相关副作用方面效果较差。这些发现证明了分层生物约束和语义级注意力在实际副作用预测中的优势。 Fig. 3 Performance comparison between our proposed and baseline models across variable training sample sizes. The AUPRC of SE prediction models – the biologically informed model (proposed) and the unconstrained model (baseline) – were quantitatively compared using SIDER data. The models were evaluated over an array of training sample sizes to determine the impact of biological knowledge constraints on predictive precision. 副作用排序。在评估生物洞察对模型的影响后，我们通过内部和外部验证（图1c，图4）测量了预测药物副作用的AUROC和AUPRC（评估标准）。内部验证用于评估模型在SIDER数据集中预测此前未观察到药物的副作用的准确性（图4a）。当在SIDER数据上进行训练和测试时，模型表现出优异的性能，内部AUROC为0.945，AUPRC为0.364。 对于外部验证，我们利用OFFSIDES数据集评估模型识别药物上市后出现的副作用的能力。此步骤旨在模拟前瞻性验证场景，其中上市后数据仅贡献于测试集[16]（图4b, c）。我们评估了两种不同的现实情况：(i) 为已有副作用谱的药物预测新副作用（已观察药物，图4b）；(ii) 为没有任何已知副作用的药物预测副作用（新药，图4c）。在前一种情况下，我们的模型表现出AUROC为0.813、AUPRC为0.652的预测能力。在后一种情况下，模型对新药的预测结果为AUROC 0.847、AUPRC 0.498（表2）。新药预测中观察到的高准确性可能归因于模型通过化学或基因组相似性将新药与已建立的生物知识关联的强大能力，从而有效利用潜在的生物学机制。为更好地评估实际副作用优先排序效果，我们测量了额外的基于排序的指标，包括Precision@K、Recall@K和False Positive Rate@K（FPR@K）。这些指标反映了真实的药物警戒工作流程，即每种药物仅调查有限数量的顶级排序副作用。我们报告了K=20和K=200时的排序性能，分别对应所有候选副作用的大约1%和10%。如补充表2所示，我们的模型在小K值时达到高精度且假阳性率极低。在内部评估中，Precision@20达到0.426，FPR@20为0.006，表明顶级预测中假阳性比例不到1%。外部评估在已观察药物和新药中均显示出类似趋势，证明了模型的稳健泛化能力。随着K值增加，召回率显著提高（内部评估中Recall@200 = 0.809），而FPR仍低于0.08，表明即使考虑更广泛的候选列表，模型仍能保持可控的假阳性率。这些结果凸显了模型在优先排序临床相关副作用方面的有效性。 为评估高排名假阳性预测的临床合理性，我们检查了在精心整理的SIDER数据库中未记录但由模型预测的药物–副作用对，并评估其在OFFSIDES中的支持情况。我们观察到，在K=20和K=200时的顶级假阳性预测中，超过80%得到了OFFSIDES的支持（补充表3），表明相当一部分看似假阳性的预测可能反映了精心整理数据集中的标签不完整性，而非虚假预测。这些发现表明，模型能够识别在精心整理资源中代表性不足或缺失的合理副作用。 我们进一步评估了预测的TransE得分分布（补充图3）。大量负边被赋予较低得分，而部分负边与正边的得分分布重叠。这些得分较高的负边很可能是顶级排序位置的候选者，表明值得进一步调查的潜在副作用。为评估TransE的有效性，我们将其与另外两种知识图谱评分函数DistMul [27] 和ComplEx [28] 进行了比较，使用相同的图模型架构和学习排序目标。尽管DistMult和ComplEx取得了相对较高的AUROC值（约0.91）， Fig. 5 Relative importance of knowledge paths in predicting SEs using SIDER data. The diagram quantifies the contribution of various gene/drug/SE-related knowledge paths in the context of SE prediction. Each knowledge path in the gene/drug/SE entity is assigned with importance weights (i.e., Fig. 1d-right, semantic-level attention weights calculated in Eqs. 5–6), which were normalized to sum to one within each entity, representing their proportionate contributions in the model's inference process. 但两种方法的AUPRC（分别为0.070和0.073）显著低于TransE（0.364）（补充表4）。这表明，尽管双线性模型能在全局意义上区分正负药物–副作用对，但在严重类别不平衡情况下难以将真实副作用排在前列。 重要知识路径分析。我们报告了各种知识路径对副作用预测准确性的影响（图5，知识路径引导编码器）。我们的分析揭示，在基因相关知识路径中，物理基因-基因相互作用贡献最大。在药物相关知识路径中，我们观察到药物间的化学结构相似性（药物-药物）几乎与遗传相似性（基因-药物和基因-药物-基因）同等重要，表明化学和基因组特征在药物全面表征中均发挥关键作用。 在副作用相关知识路径中，基因-副作用相互作用被视为至关重要，表明最终的副作用嵌入很可能包含重要的基因组信息，这可能归因于模型通过基因-药物和药物-副作用相互作用实现的双层级分层信息流。此外，代表单一药物引发两种副作用的SE-药物-SE知识路径也被识别为重要路径。这一结果表明，模型的预测算法可能考虑副作用的共现性，当一种副作用被识别为高度可预测时，会优先考虑另一种副作用。这些见解表明，理解生物网络内的互连性和依赖性至关重要，因为它们显著影响模型预测副作用的能力。 顶级排序药物和副作用示例。我们识别出一组预测准确性较高的药物。值得注意的例子包括Chlorzoxazone、Praziquantel、Pyrazinamide、Triethylenetetramine、Tolazamide和Mebeverine（补充数据1）。这种高可预测性可能归因于这些药物在我们的知识图谱中拥有丰富的药理基因组学和化学特征。 此外，我们探讨了目标药物与其顶级排序副作用之间的生物学相关性。具体而言，我们检查了氯胺酮（Ketamine）（AUROC为0.90），该药物临床上用于麻醉、镇痛和抗抑郁治疗。尽管有这些医疗应用，氯胺酮已被证实会在相当比例（10–20%）的成人中引发精神类副作用[29]，范围从轻度情绪低落到严重的幻觉和谵妄[30]。长期使用氯胺酮的远期效应仍 largely undefined。我们的分析显示，与氯胺酮相关的许多顶级排序副作用与CNS系统具有强烈且明显的分子基础。表3列出了氯胺酮的前10个预测副作用（未记录在SIDER中，但通过OFFSIDES的上市后监测数据识别），并附上了其在OFFSIDES中的患病率（表3，补充数据2）。根据国际医学科学组织理事会（CIOMS）对不良事件频率的分类[31]，大多数前10个副作用属于“常见”类别（1–10%），部分属于“不常见”（0.1–1%）。这些发现表明，前10个预测副作用并非最常见的情况（10–100%），因此 表3. 模型预测的氯胺酮潜在副作用排名。These SEs are not recorded in SIDER but are largely supported by post-marketing surveillance data from OFFSIDES, illustrating the clinical plausibility of high-ranking false positive predictions. "No record" indicates absence of statistically significant reporting frequency in OFFSIDES, not absence of occurrence. 尚未被收录进SIDER数据库。这一观察表明，我们的模型具备检测较少见甚至罕见副作用的能力。 解释副作用预测的生物学机制。为理解药物如何引发副作用的机制，我们分析了显著影响预测结果的重要相互作用和实体，其重要性通过个体级注意力权重衡量（图1d-左，公式2–4）。 解释药物和副作用的重要相互作用：为揭示邻近节点对副作用预测的影响，我们绘制了子图（图6、7；原始图像见补充图1–2），其中包含与选定药物及其副作用相关的重要基因、药物和副作用，采用知识路径引导编码器和可解释子图生成中描述的方法。我们选择氯胺酮及其高排名副作用——幻觉（第12位）和抑郁（第16位）作为可视化示例。该子图的训练使用SIDER数据，但排除了氯胺酮。 图6展示了聚焦于幻觉的子图。氯胺酮被归类为“分离性”麻醉剂，可能通过关键基因或药物介导的相互作用引发分离体验，包括幻觉： 氯胺酮-CYP3A4-双相情感障碍-幻觉：氯胺酮可被多种细胞色素P450（CYP）酶代谢为其活性形式去甲氯胺酮，从而增强药物对人体的作用[32]。该反应主要由CYP3A4代谢，有证据表明CYP3A4变异可能增加双相情感障碍的风险[33]。严重的双相情感障碍常导致幻觉，尤其是在躁狂或混合发作期间[34]。 氯胺酮和相似药物（如奥氮平/Olanzapine、加巴喷丁/Gabapentin）-反社会行为/反社会人格障碍-幻觉：我们的子图包含具有共同化学结构或多个靶基因的相似药物。副作用预测部分基于“相似药物可能共享导致某些副作用的相似机制”这一直觉。我们的子图显示，奥氮平和加巴喷丁是与幻觉潜在相关的基因相似药物。已有服用奥氮平[35]或加巴喷丁[36]期间出现幻觉的病例报告。由于这两种药物可能干扰大脑神经递质系统的正常活动，从而影响个体参与社交活动的能力，进而可能增加发生幻觉的风险。奥氮平通过阻断多巴胺系统中的某些受体（如SLC6A3，图6）发挥作用，而氯胺酮则降低SLC6A3的表达。多巴胺控制现实感，过多[37]或过少[38]的多巴胺均可导致妄想和幻觉。加巴喷丁和氯胺酮均可能影响内源性阿片系统活性，POMC（图6）及其相关肽是该系统的一部分。特别是，POMC产生β-内啡肽——μ阿片受体的主要激动剂，影响大脑奖赏通路和社会行为[39, 40]。尽管β-内啡肽尚未直接与幻觉关联，但内源性阿片信号传导的改变已与可能涉及幻觉的某些精神疾病相关[41]。 图7从抑郁角度阐明了一个子图。氯胺酮对抑郁具有矛盾影响：医生适当给予的低剂量输注可治疗部分抑郁症患者，但另一方面，长期使用氯胺酮可能导致严重抑郁[42]。该子图展示了氯胺酮通过多条通路证据引发抑郁这一不良反应的机制。 氯胺酮-TPH2-抑郁：氯胺酮直接与TPH2关联，TPH2在血清素的生理过程中起关键作用。具体而言，TPH2基因变异与血清素产生水平降低相关，可能促成抑郁症状的发展[43]。 氯胺酮相关机制（如ACE/CDC42）-DRD2-抑郁：研究表明，氯胺酮可影响大脑中的多巴胺信号传导，包括通过阻断N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA）受体，导致前额叶皮层多巴胺释放增加。尽管氯胺酮并非特异性DRD2激动剂，但其对DRD2的影响可能是间接的[44]。作为大脑中主要的多巴胺受体，DRD2参与多种功能，包括运动控制、认知和奖赏处理。抑郁患者中已发现DRD2表达和活性的改变[45]。 氯胺酮相关机制（如FGF2）-HTR1B-抑郁：HTR1B是大脑中多种血清素受体亚型之一。由于血清素受体参与情绪调节和应激反应等脑功能，HTR1B已被牵涉到抑郁及其他精神疾病的病理生理学中。氯胺酮可激活HTR1B受体，可能有助于其抗抑郁作用[46]。然而，抑郁是一种复杂且多面的障碍，HTR1B的某些基因变异可能增加难治性抑郁的风险[47]。 氯胺酮在相似药物中的机制（如拉莫三嗪/Lamotrigine）-库欣综合征-抑郁：拉莫三嗪和氯胺酮是基因相似药物，因为它们有几个重叠的靶点。拉莫三嗪可因皮质醇过度产生而导致库欣综合征。尽管我们的数据未显示氯胺酮-库欣综合征的相互作用，但研究表明氯胺酮对皮质醇产生也有显著影响[48]，可能促成库欣综合征。皮质醇水平升高可影响大脑，导致情绪和行为变化，许多病例显示抑郁是库欣综合征的主要精神障碍[49]。 这些对模型预测的深入探究揭示了可能导致副作用发生的复杂生物学通路，强调了模型整合多样化基因组和化学数据以预测药物效应的能力。 Fig. 6 Important subgraphs that explain how Ketamine induces hallucination. It explains how neighbors' pharmacogenomic associations contribute to SE predictions. Subgraphs were constructed using attention weights learned by the model, retaining only edges above a predefined attention threshold to highlight the most influential biological interactions contributing to each SE prediction. The threshold is set to the average of the attention weights along the knowledge path. 通过通路富集对生物学相关性进行定量验证。为定量评估注意力衍生子图是否对应已知生物学过程，我们对基于高注意力权重选择的药物–基因相互作用中的基因进行了通路富集分析。使用知识图谱中所有基因作为背景进行了基因本体（GO）生物过程富集分析。如补充数据3和补充图4所示，分析揭示了与神经免疫信号传导、肽和激素信号传导及免疫调节相关的生物过程高度显著富集（多个通路FDR<10 −40），这与图6、7中所示的机制解释一致。这些过程已被充分证实是CNS药效动力学和不良神经精神结局的贡献因素。强烈且特异的富集模式表明，注意力引导的子图捕捉到了生物学上有意义的机制，而非任意的图结构，为模型解释的可靠性和可解释性提供了定量支持。 总结 本研究开发了HHAN-DSI模型，一种基于生物学信息引导的层级异质图注意力网络，用于可解释预测中枢神经系统药物副作用，通过整合药物、副作用、基因及基因本体的多模态知识图谱，结合节点级与语义级注意力机制，实现高精度预测与分子机制可视化解析，并在氯胺酮等药物上成功验证其对罕见、未标注副作用的识别能力及通路解释力。 更多结果和补充图表: PMID：41876492 DOI：10.1038/s41398-026-03971-1 不想做实验，没数据，还想要快速发表文章，没问题的！公共数据库就是我们的数据宝藏！没思路不用担心，作为专业的生信团队，我们很乐意为您效劳，提供研究路线设计和数据挖掘分析，扫码联系我们吧！ 长按二维码关注我们，用最短的时间和最高的效率学习更多数据分析方法! 扫描上方二维码或登录平台官网后添加CNSknowall客服微信咨询！官网地址：https://cnsknowall.comCNSknowall：24年最新问世的遥遥领先的颠覆性科研数据（0代码生信+统计学）分析平台，同时含有机制图模块（原创3000多素材和机制图模板）+AI一键生成高质量比国自然标书初稿+汉化版Pubmed融合Deepseek高效筛选目标文献同时一键提炼全文核心创新点+SCI文献例句/语料检索模块+全文翻译+文献求助+图片查重+期刊查询+OPenAI官方GPT接口，＞500款CNS级别图表皆可一秒内一键出图，登录即秒变数据分析大神，体验前所未有的便捷数据分析之旅，开启科研天骄之路！ 可向下滑动发掘更多科研秘籍!

The Journal of Infectious Diseases. Volume 233 Issue 1 传染病杂志 233卷 1期 https://academic.oup.com/jid/issue/ Editorial（社论） 1 Virulent Bacteriophages for Controlling Shiga Toxin–Producing Escherichia coli (STEC) Without Inducing Toxin Production 用于控制产志贺毒素大肠杆菌（STEC）且不诱导毒素产生的烈性噬菌体 Glen D Armstrong The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 1–2, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf036 Invited Perspective（特邀观点） 2 With All Good Intentions: How CDC Decisions Harmed Science and People John Weiser 好心办坏事：美国疾控中心（CDC）的决策如何损害了科学和民众 The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 3–5, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf584 Perspectives（观点） 3 Persistence Is Resistance: The Fight to End the HIV Epidemic Hangs in the Balance 坚持即抵抗：结束艾滋病流行的斗争悬而未决 Colleen F Kelley and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 6–8, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf389 Special Collection on Contemporary Research on Antimicrobial Resistance（抗菌药物耐药性当代研究特辑） Call for Papers: Antimicrobial Resistance（征稿启事：抗菌药物耐药性） 4 How Pooled Procurement Can Expand Access to Novel Antibacterial Therapeutics Globally 集中采购如何在全球范围内扩大新型抗菌疗法的可及性 Jessica Swenson The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 9–15, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf370 5 Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Clofazimine in Women With Rifampicin-resistant Tuberculosis During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period: Results From IMPAACT P1026s 妊娠期及产后利福平耐药结核病女性患者使用氯法齐明的药代动力学和安全性：IMPAACT P1026s研究结果 Jennifer A Hughes and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 16–26, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf504 6 Emergence of ST3390: A Novel Apigmented MRSA Clone From the CC5 Lineage ST3390的出现：源自CC5谱系的一种新型非色素性耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌克隆 Emily A Felton and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 27–37, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf410 7 Establishing a Practical Approach to Sewer Monitoring for Antimicrobial Resistance Genes and Organisms at Healthcare Facilities 建立医疗机构针对抗菌药物耐药基因和耐药菌的污水监测实用方法 Rachel S Poretsky and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 38–48, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf434 8 Real-world Prevalence of Nonintegrase INSTI Resistance-Associated Mutations and Virological Outcomes in People Who Have Recently Acquired HIV-1 in the United Kingdom 英国近期感染HIV-1人群中非整合酶INSTI耐药相关突变的现实流行率及病毒学结果 Christine Kelly and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 49–58, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf500 9 Detection of Carbapenem-Resistant Bacteria in Skilled Nursing Facility Wastewater 在专业护理机构废水中检测碳青霉烯类耐药细菌 Susanna Lenz and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 59–69, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf534 10 Investigating Azithromycin Activity Against ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli Under Physiologically Relevant Conditions 在生理相关条件下研究阿奇霉素对产超广谱β-内酰胺酶大肠杆菌的活性 Sean Jung and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 70–75, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf480 ID Translational Science Update（传染病转化医学更新） 11 Planning and Analyzing a Low-Biomass Microbiome Study: A Data Analysis Perspective 低生物量微生物组研究的规划与分析：数据分析视角 George I Austin and Tal Korem The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 76–86, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiae378 Major Articles and Brief Reports（主要论著和简短报告） Bacterial Disease Pathogenesis（细菌性疾病发病机制） 12 Virulent Bacteriophages for Controlling Shiga Toxin–Producing Escherichia coli Without Inducing Toxin Production 用于控制产志贺毒素大肠杆菌（STEC）且不诱导毒素产生的烈性噬菌体 Eunshin Cho and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 87–95, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf035 13 Hygromycin A Treatment of Borrelia burgdorferi–Infected Peromyscus leucopus Suggests Potential as a Reservoir-Targeted Antibiotic 对伯氏疏螺旋体感染的白足鼠使用潮霉素A治疗，提示其作为针对储存宿主抗生素的潜在作用 Stephanie S You and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 96–100, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf363 14 Low Intrinsic Killing Activity and no Impact of Its Positivity on Phase 3 Pneumococcal Vaccine Adult Studies 固有杀菌活性低，且其阳性对3期肺炎球菌疫苗成人研究无影响 Weifeng Xu and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 101–111, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf427 15 Population Structure of Escherichia coli Isolated From the Human Bloodstream, Human and Animal Feces, and the Environment in Northern Tanzania 坦桑尼亚北部从人体血液、人和动物粪便以及环境中分离出的大肠杆菌的种群结构 Deng B Madut and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 112–121, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf437 Viral Disease Pathogenesis（病毒性疾病发病机制） 16 Evaluating the Breadth and Reliability of Influenza Vaccine Protection Indicators: A Secondary Analysis of an Animal Challenge Trial 评估流感疫苗保护指标的广度和可靠性：动物挑战试验的二次分析 Yao Lu and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 122–131, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf331 17 Assessing the Transmissibility and Outbreak Risk of Measles in the United States, 2024–2030 评估2024 - 2030年美国麻疹的传播性和暴发风险 Subekshya Bidari and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 132–136, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf342 18 Coronavirus Disease 2019 Risk in Patients With Autoimmune Diseases Using Biologics or Small Molecules: A Population-Based Cohort Study 使用生物制剂或小分子药物治疗的自身免疫性疾病患者感染2019冠状病毒病的风险：一项基于人群的队列研究 Eun Mi Song and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 137–147, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf347 19 Leveraging Lyme Disease Surveillance to Simulate Powassan Virus Prevalence 利用莱姆病监测来模拟伯氏疏螺旋体脑炎病毒流行率 James M McCluskey and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 148–152, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf368 20 Human Metapneumovirus–, Respiratory Syncytial Virus–, and Influenza-Associated Pneumonia Hospitalizations in Colorado Adults Aged ≥50 Years, 2016–2023 2016 - 2023年科罗拉多州50岁及以上成年人中与人类偏肺病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒和流感相关的肺炎住院情况 Eric A F Simões and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 153–163, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf381 Malaria Disease Pathogenesis（疟疾发病机制） 21 Digital PCR Reveals High PvDBP1 but not PvEBP/DBP2 and PvRBP2b Copy Number in Plasmodium vivax From Duffy-Negative Individuals in Central Africa 数字PCR显示，在非洲中部杜菲血型阴性个体中，恶性疟原虫的PvDBP1拷贝数高，但PvEBP/DBP2和PvRBP2b拷贝数不高 Bernis Neneyoh Yengo and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 164–172, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf322 22 Elevated Soluble Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor Levels, Organ Dysfunction, and Death in Children Hospitalized With Malaria: Considerations for Use as a Risk Stratification Tool 疟疾住院儿童中可溶性尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物受体水平升高、器官功能障碍和死亡：作为风险分层工具的考量 Charles Ssuuna and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 173–177, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf327 23 Vaccine-Induced Antibodies to a C-Terminal Plasmodium falciparum Circumsporozoite Protein Epitope Associated With Protection Against Malaria Challenge 疫苗诱导产生的针对疟原虫环子孢子蛋白C端表位的抗体与对疟疾挑战的保护作用相关 DeAnna J Friedman-Klabanoff and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 178–190, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf391 24 Cytokines Associated With Moderate and Severe Adverse Events During a Sporozoite Malaria Vaccine Trial With Controlled Human Malaria Infection 在受控人体疟疾感染的孢子虫疟疾疫苗试验中，与中度和重度不良事件相关的细胞因子 Lauren P Jatt and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 191–196, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf435 Global Health（全球健康） 25 HIV and Syphilis Coinfection in Pregnancy and Adverse Birth Outcomes in Uganda 乌干达妊娠期HIV和梅毒合并感染与不良出生结局 Mehal Churiwal and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 197–205, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf453 26 Antibodies to Tick Salivary Antigens AV422 and Calreticulin in Patients With Spotted Fever Group Rickettsioses and Other Febrile Illnesses in Northern Tanzania 坦桑尼亚北部斑点热群立克次体病及其他发热性疾病患者体内针对蜱唾液抗原AV422和钙网织蛋白的抗体 Ganga S Moorthy and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 206–215, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf506 27 Virological Tools Fail to Properly Identify “Unusual” Hepatitis C Virus Subtypes Resistant to Direct-Acting Antiviral Drugs in The Gambia 病毒学工具未能正确识别冈比亚对直接抗病毒药物耐药的“罕见”丙型肝炎病毒亚型 Erwan Vo-Quang and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 216–220, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf378 Major Articles and Brief Reports（主要论著和简短报告） Public Health（公共健康） 28 A Framework for Assessing the Opportunity for Advanced Research, Development, and Regulatory Approval of Medical Countermeasures: A Component of BARDA's Emerging Infectious Diseases Strategy 评估医疗对策先进研究、开发和监管批准机会的框架：生物医学高级研究与发展管理局（BARDA）新兴传染病战略的组成部分 Richard C White and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e1–e10, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf486 Bacterial Disease Pathogenesis（细菌性疾病发病机制） 29 Prevalence of Candidate Vaccine Targets and Genomic Features of Pediatric Invasive Streptococcus Agalactiae in Japan 日本儿科侵袭性无乳链球菌候选疫苗靶点的流行率及基因组特征 Masashi Kasai and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e11–e21, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf491 30 Daptomycin-Loaded Nanocarriers Facilitate Synergistic Killing of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus via Lipid-Mediated Interactions and Targeting 载达托霉素纳米载体通过脂质介导的相互作用和靶向作用促进对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的协同杀伤 Jhih-Hang Jiang and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e22–e33, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf492 31 Comparing Respiratory Illness Surveillance Case Definitions to Detect Bordetella pertussis in Children Aged <5 Years With Respiratory Illness in South Africa, 2017–2023 Kate Bishop and others 比较呼吸道疾病监测病例定义以检测2017 - 2023年南非5岁以下呼吸道疾病患儿中的百日咳博德特氏菌 The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e34–e43, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf501 32 Insights on Recurrent and Sequential Clostridioides difficile Infections From Genomic Surveillance in Minnesota, USA, 2019–2021 2019 - 2021年美国明尼苏达州基因组监测对复发性及序贯性艰难梭菌感染的见解 Daniel Evans and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e44–e54, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf505 33 Single-Cell Transcriptome Profiling Reveals the Immune Dysregulation Characteristics of Mice Infected With Brucella abortus 单细胞转录组分析揭示感染牛布鲁氏菌小鼠的免疫失调特征 Guangzhi Zhang and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e55–e66, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf522 34 Culture and Adaptation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa During Early Infection in Children With Cystic Fibrosis 囊性纤维化患儿早期感染期间铜绿假单胞菌的培养与适应 Sumitra D Mitra and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e67–e76, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf527 Viral Disease Pathogenesis（病毒性疾病发病机制） 35 Hyperendemicity of Rift Valley Fever in Southwestern Uganda Associated With the Rapidly Evolving Lineage C Viruses 乌干达西南部裂谷热高度流行与快速进化的C谱系病毒相关 Barnabas Bakamutumaho and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e77–e88, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf417 36 Relative Effectiveness of High-Dose Versus Standard-Dose Influenza Vaccination Against Hospitalizations and Deaths According to Frailty Score: A Post Hoc Analysis of the DANFLU-1 Randomized Trial 根据衰弱评分比较高剂量与标准剂量流感疫苗对住院和死亡的相对有效性：DANFLU - 1随机试验的事后分析 Caroline Espersen and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e89–e98, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf420 37 Emergence of Two New Lineages of the Cosmopolitan Dengue Virus Serotype 2 in Yunnan, China, 2024 2024年中国云南出现两种新的全球流行性登革热病毒2型谱系 Man Li and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e99–e108, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf422 38 Cerebrospinal Fluid Immune Cell Alterations in Women With Neuropsychiatric Long COVID 神经精神性新冠长期症状女性患者脑脊液免疫细胞改变 Benjamin Orlinick and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e109–e117, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf468 39 The Role of Enoxaparin in Influenza Virus Infections and its Therapeutic Implications 依诺肝素在流感病毒感染中的作用及其治疗意义 Marta Bermejo-Jambrina and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e118–e131, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf470 40 Monkeypox Virus Shedding Despite Tecovirimat Treatment in a Cohort in Toronto, Canada 加拿大多伦多一队列中接受特考韦瑞治疗后猴痘病毒仍排出的情况 Jacklyn R Hurst and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e132–e139, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf471 41 Disentangling Temporal Trends of Clade Ib Monkeypox Virus Transmission in Burundi 厘清布隆迪Ib支系猴痘病毒传播的时间趋势 Shihui Jin and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e140–e144, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf475 42 Profiling Human Papillomavirus Lineage-Specific Capsid Antigenicity With Geographically Diverse Natural Infection Antibodies 利用地理多样性自然感染抗体剖析人乳头瘤病毒谱系特异性衣壳抗原性 Kavita Panwar and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e145–e150, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf502 43 Respiratory Virus Infections and Pulmonary Impairment After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation 异基因造血细胞移植后呼吸道病毒感染与肺功能损害 Guang-Shing Cheng and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e151–e163, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf503 Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR)（抗菌药物耐药性） 44 Insights Into Global Antimicrobial Resistance Dynamics Through the Sequencing of Enteric Bacteria From US International Travelers 通过对美国国际旅行者肠道细菌测序洞察全球抗菌药物耐药性动态 Sushmita Sridhar and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e164–e173, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf469 45 The Burden of Surgical Site Infections With Pathogens Presumably Resistant to Perioperative Prophylaxis in Orthopedic Tumor Surgery: Secondary Analysis of the Prophylactic Antibiotic Regimens in Tumor Surgery (PARITY) Trial 骨科肿瘤手术中疑似对围手术期预防用药耐药的手术部位感染负担：肿瘤手术预防性抗生素方案（PARITY）试验的二次分析 Sabine Kuster and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e174–e182, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf513 46 Foreign Combatants Wounded in Ukraine Colonized by Extensively Drug-Resistant Organisms: A Potential Source of Global Dissemination 在乌克兰受伤的外国战斗人员被广泛耐药菌定植：全球传播的潜在来源 Patrick Mc Gann and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e183–e191, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf538 HIV/AIDs（HIV/艾滋病） 47 Long-Acting Antiretroviral Therapy for Breastfeeding Women With HIV Experiencing Barriers to Adherence in Zimbabwe: Modeling Clinical Impact and Cost-effectiveness 针对津巴布韦存在依从性障碍的感染HIV的哺乳期妇女采用长效抗逆转录病毒疗法的临床影响和成本效益建模 Sujata E Tewari and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e192–e202, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf521 48 Resistance Analyses of Lenacapavir, Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide and Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in the PURPOSE 1 and 2 Studies PURPOSE 1和2研究中来那卡帕韦、恩曲他滨/丙酚替诺福韦和恩曲他滨/富马酸替诺福韦二吡呋酯的耐药性分析 Stephanie Cox and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e203–e211, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf533 49 Resistance Analysis of Low-Level Virologic Rebound During HIV-1 Treatment With Lenacapavir and Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies Teropavimab and Zinlirvimab 使用来那卡帕韦和广谱中和抗体特罗帕维单抗及津利瑞单抗治疗HIV - 1期间低水平病毒学反弹的耐药性分析 Lisa Selzer and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e212–e220, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf559 50 IL-4 Correlates With Bone Mineral Density in Men, and IL-4 Depletion May Drive Bone Loss in Men With HIV 白细胞介素 - 4与男性骨矿物质密度相关，白细胞介素 - 4耗竭可能导致感染HIV男性骨丢失 Ighovwerha Ofotokun and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e221–e229, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf570 Correspondence（读者来信） 51 External Validation of Pediatric Pneumonia and Bronchiolitis Risk Scores to Predict Mortality in Children Hospitalized in Kenya: A Retrospective Cohort Study 儿科肺炎和毛细支气管炎风险评分在预测肯尼亚住院儿童死亡率方面的外部验证：一项回顾性队列研究 Becky Gordon and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e230–e238, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf377 52 Seroprevalence of Antibodies Against Legionella Species in Northeastern Australian Blood Donors, 2016 and 2023 2016年和2023年澳大利亚东北部献血者中针对军团菌属抗体的血清阳性率 Juniper Lethbridge and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e239–e249, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf407 53 Diagnostic Performance and Kinetics of Hepatitis E Viral RNA and IgM Antibody Test Positivity in a Genotype 1 Outbreak in South Sudan 南苏丹1型基因型戊型肝炎病毒暴发期间戊型肝炎病毒RNA和IgM抗体检测阳性的诊断性能和动力学 Aybüke Koyuncu and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e250–e258, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf436 54 Leptospirosis Prevalence and Risk Factors Among Patients Presenting With Fever to 4 Healthcare Sites in Sub-Saharan Africa and South East Asia: An International Multisite Observational and Nested Case–Control Study 撒哈拉以南非洲和东南亚4个医疗站点发热患者中钩端螺旋体病的流行率和危险因素：一项国际多站点观察性和嵌套病例对照研究 John A Crump and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e259–e270, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf464 55 Refined Transgenic Mouse Models Which Recapitulate the Natural Features of Chronic Wasting Disease With Rapid Prion Disease Onsets 改良转基因小鼠模型可快速引发朊病毒病并重现慢性消耗性疾病的自然特征 Joseph P DeFranco and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e271–e276, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf529 Correction（更正） 56 Correction to: Monocytes and Macrophages, Targets of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2: The Clue for Coronavirus Disease 2019 Immunoparalysis 更正：单核细胞和巨噬细胞——严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2的靶点：2019冠状病毒病免疫麻痹的线索 The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Page e277, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf622 Editor's Note（编者按） 57 Editor's Note: Bartonella quintana Bacteremia and Overproduction of Interleukin-10: Model of Bacterial Persistence in Homeless People 编者按：五日热巴尔通体菌血症和白细胞介素 - 10过度产生：无家可归者细菌持续存在的模型 The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Page e278, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf623 58 Editor's Note: Oral Ivermectin in the Treatment of Body Lice 编者按：口服伊维菌素治疗体虱 The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Page e279, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf627 JID 2025 Reviewer Recognition（《传染病杂志》2025年审稿人认证） 59 2025 JID Reviewer Recognition List 2025年《传染病杂志》审稿人认证名单 The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e280–e286, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag015 The Journal of Infectious Diseases. Volume 233 Issue 2 传染病杂志 233卷 2期 https://academic.oup.com/jid/issue/ Editorials（社论） 1 2025 Content Collections from the IDSA Journals 2025年美国感染病学会（IDSA）期刊内容合集 Roger Bedimo and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 221–222, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag041 2 “Fostemsavir: More Than Meets the Eye” “福替沙韦：不止于表面所见” Siddharth Kogilwaimath and Netanya S Utay The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 223–226, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf462 3 On-Demand Dosing of HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis for Women: Has Their Time Finally Come? 女性按需服用艾滋病病毒暴露前预防药物：时机是否已到？ Susan P Buchbinder and Peter L Anderson The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 227–229, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf507 Invited Perspective（特邀观点） 4 The Changing Paradigm in Infectious Diseases—Host-Directed Medicine: Implications for the Next Generation of ID Physicians 感染性疾病领域的范式转变——宿主导向疗法：对下一代传染病医师的影响 Jatin M Vyas and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 230–234, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf497 Invited ID Translational Science Update（特邀传染病转化医学更新） 5 Targeting Tryptophan Metabolism for Tuberculosis Biomarkers and Host-Directed Therapy 以色氨酸代谢为靶点，开发结核病生物标志物和宿主导向疗法 Jeffrey M Collins and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 235–243, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf510 6 Clinical Commentary on: Targeting Tryptophan Metabolism for Tuberculosis Biomarkers and Host-Directed Therapy 关于“以色氨酸代谢为靶点，开发结核病生物标志物和宿主导向疗法”的临床评论 Joel D Ernst The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 244–246, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf624 Major Articles and Brief Reports（主要论著与简要报告） HIV/AIDs（人类免疫缺陷病毒/艾滋病） 7 Fostemsavir Decreases the Levels of Anti-gp120 CD4-Induced Antibodies in Heavily Treatment-Experienced People With HIV 福替沙韦可降低经治重度HIV感染者体内抗gp120 CD4诱导抗体的水平 Mehdi Benlarbi and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 247–256, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf461 8 Optimizing On-Demand Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine Dosing in Women for HIV Prevention 优化女性按需服用富马酸替诺福韦二吡呋酯/恩曲他滨预防HIV感染的剂量 Nathan Engel and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 257–260, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf459 9 Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine Concentrations and HIV-1 RNA Suppression in Genital Fluids and Rectum in People with HIV on Long-Acting Intramuscular Cabotegravir Plus Rilpivirine Antiretroviral Therapy 接受长效肌肉注射卡博特韦加利匹韦林抗逆转录病毒治疗的HIV感染者生殖道分泌物和直肠中的卡博特韦和利匹韦林浓度及HIV-1 RNA抑制情况 Analuz Fernández and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 261–266, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf551 10 Elimination of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Reservoirs Harboring Intact Proviruses 清除携带完整前病毒的HIV储存库 Min Li and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 267–277, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf373 11 Vaccination Against Pathogens Targeting Cell-Derived Cryptic Antigens 针对细胞来源的隐蔽抗原的病原体疫苗接种 Emily S Clark and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 278–286, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf593 12 NAT2 Polymorphisms and Antituberculosis-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Thai People Living With HIV: Insights From a Pharmacogenetic–Pharmacokinetic Cohort Study 泰国HIV感染者NAT2基因多态性与抗结核治疗所致肝毒性的关系：一项药物基因组学-药代动力学队列研究的见解 Napon Hiranburana and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 287–297, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf511 Bacterial Disease Pathogenesis（细菌性疾病发病机制） 13 Interplay between Tetanus, Diphtheria, Acellular Pertussis Vaccination in Pregnancy and Infant Pneumococcal Vaccination in Shaping Infant Pneumococcal Vaccine Serotype Carriage 孕期接种破伤风、白喉、无细胞百日咳疫苗与婴儿接种肺炎球菌疫苗对婴儿肺炎球菌疫苗血清型携带的影响 Eline Van den Bosch and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 298–306, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf458 14 Role of Activin A–Mediated KAT8 Expression in Regulating Ferroptosis During Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection Activin A介导的KAT8表达在结核分枝杆菌感染中调节铁死亡的作用 Bijewar Ashish Satish and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 307–318, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf482 15 Phospholipid Transporter MlaFEDCB Regulates Klebsiella pneumoniae Virulence by Modulating Fimbriae Synthesis and Stress-adaptive Growth 磷脂转运蛋白MlaFEDCB通过调节菌毛合成和应激适应性生长来调控肺炎克雷伯菌的毒力 Xiaoyu Zhao and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 319–327, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf517 16 Novel KPC-2 Plasmid in a Clinical Salmonella Rissen Selected by Antibiotic Pressure 抗生素压力下临床沙门氏菌里森氏菌中新型KPC-2质粒的出现 María Aznar Fernández and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 328–333, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf536 Viral Disease Pathogenesis（病毒性疾病发病机制） 17 Respiratory Syncytial Virus Fusion Protein Epitope-Specific Antibodies and Neutralizing Activities Against Various Respiratory Syncytial Virus Strains 呼吸道合胞病毒融合蛋白表位特异性抗体对多种呼吸道合胞病毒株的中和活性 Hisao Okabe and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 334–341, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf375 18 Clinical and Environmental Surveillance of Poliovirus Type 2 Outbreak Using a Novel Specific Real-time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay, Israel, 2022–2023 2022-2023年以色列利用新型特异性实时定量聚合酶链反应检测法对2型脊髓灰质炎病毒疫情进行临床和环境监测 Itay Bar-Or and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 342–350, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf387 19 Robust COVID-19 Mortality Risk Assessment: Validation of a Two-Step Algorithm From the National COVID Cohort Collaborative 稳健的COVID-19死亡风险评估：国家COVID队列协作组织的两步算法验证 Bingnan Li and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 351–362, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf393 20 Histone Deacetylase 6 Regulates α-Tubulin to Inhibit the Stimulator of Interferon Genes/NLR Family Pyrin Domain-Containing 3-Mediated Microglial Pyroptosis Induced by Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection 组蛋白去乙酰化酶6调节α-微管蛋白，抑制1型单纯疱疹病毒感染诱导的干扰素基因刺激因子/NLR家族含吡啶结构域蛋白3介导的小胶质细胞焦亡 Qiongzhen Zeng and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 363–374, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf404 Parasites（寄生虫） 21 Schistosome Infection is Associated With High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Persistence, Together With Altered Cervicovaginal Microbiota 血吸虫感染与高危型人乳头瘤病毒持续感染及宫颈阴道微生物群改变相关 Crispin Mukerebe and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 375–380, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf447 22 The Source-Sink Dynamics of Plasmodium vivax May Undermine Malaria Elimination Efforts in the Amazon: An Epidemiological and Population Genomic Study 恶性疟原虫的源-汇动态可能破坏亚马逊地区疟疾消除工作：一项流行病学和群体基因组学研究 Nathalia Rammé M de Albuquerque and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 381–390, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf457 23 Seasonal Variation and Interspecies Dynamics Among Plasmodium falciparum and ovale Species in Bagamoyo, Tanzania 坦桑尼亚巴加莫约地区恶性疟原虫和卵形疟原虫的季节性变化及种间动态 Kelly Carey-Ewend and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 391–400, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf498 24 Genome Sequencing of Leishmania tropica in Tissues of Moroccan Patients Reveals Microfocal Transmission Underlain by (Pseudo)Clonal and Sexual Reproduction 摩洛哥患者组织中利什曼原虫热带种的基因组测序揭示了（假）克隆和有性繁殖导致的微灶性传播 Othmane Daoui and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 401–410, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf485 25 Trichomonas vaginalis Among Cisgender Women Taking Doxycycline Postexposure Prophylaxis 顺性别女性服用多西环素暴露后预防药物期间的阴道毛滴虫感染情况 Fredericka Albertina Sesay and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 411–415, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf519 26 A BEACON for Novel Disease Threats: Leveraging Artificial Intelligence for Informal Event-Based Outbreak Surveillance 应对新型疾病威胁的“灯塔”：利用人工智能进行非正式事件疫情监测 Nahid Bhadelia and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e287–e289, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf642 Major Articles and Brief Reports（主要论著与简要报告） Bacterial Disease Pathogenesis（细菌性疾病发病机制） 27 Chlamydia trachomatis-specific T Cell Immunity Reflects Widespread Exposure in South African Adolescents and Young Women 沙眼衣原体特异性T细胞免疫反映南非青少年和年轻女性广泛暴露情况 Rubina Bunjun and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e290–e300, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf595 28 Serum IgG1 and IgG3 Antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis Pgp3 and Hsp60 in Men of Subfertile Couples 不育夫妇男性体内针对沙眼衣原体Pgp3和Hsp60的血清IgG1和IgG3抗体 Tiina Holster and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e301–e310, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf535 29 Publicly Available Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Genomes Predominantly Represent In Vitro-Derived Nonpiliated Variants 公开可用的淋病奈瑟菌基因组主要代表体外衍生的非菌毛变异体 Iryna Boiko and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e311–e321, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf557 30 Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription 1 (STAT1), STAT2, and T Cells Mediate Interferon-Dependent Protection Against Neurobrucellosis 信号转导和转录激活因子1（STAT1）、STAT2和T细胞介导干扰素依赖性抗神经布鲁氏菌病的保护作用 Charles R Moley and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e322–e331, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf565 31 [18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Acute Staphylococcus aureus Vascular Graft Infection in a Rat Model [18F]氟脱氧葡萄糖正电子发射断层扫描在诊断和监测大鼠急性金黄色葡萄球菌血管移植物感染中的应用 Emma Faddy and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e332–e341, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf594 32 Safety and Immunogenicity of a Klebsiella pneumoniae Tetravalent Bioconjugate Vaccine (Kleb4V) Administered to Healthy Adults: A First-in-Human Phase I/II Randomized and Controlled Study 健康成年人接种肺炎克雷伯菌四价生物结合疫苗（Kleb4V）的安全性和免疫原性：一项首次人体I/II期随机对照研究 C Alaimo and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e342–e351, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf600 COVID-2019 Disease Pathogenesis（新冠肺炎发病机制） 33 Prevalence of Symptoms Associated With Long COVID Among Adolescents in the United States, Summer 2022 2022年夏季美国青少年中与新冠长期症状相关症状的流行情况 Deja L Edwards and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e352–e362, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf454 34 COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness in Patients With Hematologic Malignancies: A Nationwide Cohort Study 血液系统恶性肿瘤患者中COVID-19疫苗的有效性：一项全国性队列研究 Quincy Hofsink and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e363–e372, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf523 35 Safety and Immunogenicity of a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Spike Subunit Vaccine Stabilized in the Prefusion Conformation by a Second-Generation Molecular Clamp and Evaluated in Adults Aged 18–55 Years: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Active Comparator, Phase I Trial 一种由第二代分子夹稳定在融合前构象的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型刺突亚单位疫苗在18 - 55岁成年人中的安全性和免疫原性：一项随机、双盲、活性对照、I期试验 Keith J Chappell and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e373–e382, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf568 Viral Disease Pathogenesis（病毒性疾病发病机制） 36 Durability of the Mumps Antibody Response After the Third Dose of MMR Vaccine 接种第三剂麻腮风疫苗后腮腺炎抗体反应的持久性 Sun B Sowers and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e383–e391, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf520 37 Immune Responses to BK Virus in Renal Transplant Recipients Receiving Intravenous Immunoglobulin Treatment 接受静脉注射免疫球蛋白治疗的肾移植受者对BK病毒的免疫反应 Kevin D He and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e392–e403, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf525 38 Epstein-Barr Virus Antibody Response Patterns in Endemic and Nonendemic Cases of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma 鼻咽癌流行区和非流行区病例中EB病毒抗体反应模式 Ilona Argirion and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e404–e408, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf526 39 Genomic Surveillance and Antigenic Characterization of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) in Spain During the 2023-2024 Season of Nirsevimab Administration 2023 - 2024年西班牙尼塞韦单抗给药季节呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）的基因组监测和抗原特征分析 María Iglesias-Caballero and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e409–e418, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf530 40 Establishment of a Cynomolgus Macaque Model for Human Adenovirus Type 55–Induced Respiratory Disease 建立食蟹猴模型用于研究人类55型腺病毒引起的呼吸道疾病 Sang Hwan Seo and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e419–e429, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf542 41 Adenovirus 40 and 41 Antibodies Associated With Protection From Infection in a Bangladeshi Birth Cohort 孟加拉国出生队列中与预防腺病毒40型和41型感染相关的抗体 Jennifer Hendrick and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e430–e440, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf558 42 Natural History of Nipah Virus in Hamsters: Strain, Route, and Sex-Associated Variability Characterized Using Large Datasets to Inform Pre-Clinical Study Design 利用大型数据集研究仓鼠中尼帕病毒的自然史：不同毒株、感染途径和性别的变异性，为临床前研究设计提供依据 Katherine A Davies and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e441–e453, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf549 43 Estimation of Prevention-Effective CAB-LA Concentrations Among Men Who Have Sex With Men (MSM) and Transgender Women (TGW) in HPTN 083 在HPTN 083研究中估算男男性行为者（MSM）和跨性别女性（TGW）中预防有效的长效卡博特韦浓度 Brett Hanscom and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e454–e461, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf561 44 Assessment of Concordant Human Papillomavirus Infection With 9-Valent Vaccine Types Across Anogenital Sites in Young Men 评估年轻男性肛门生殖器部位九价疫苗类型人乳头瘤病毒的一致感染情况 Cara J Broshkevitch and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e462–e470, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf564 Parasites（寄生虫） 45 From Skin to Sequence: Pan-species Detection and Speciation of Leishmania 从皮肤到序列：利什曼原虫的全物种检测与鉴定 Nicholas R Duncan and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e471–e480, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf345 46 A Human Monoclonal Antibody Targeting α-Gal Ameliorates Experimental Cutaneous Leishmaniasis 一种靶向α-半乳糖苷的人单克隆抗体可改善实验性皮肤利什曼病 Hyeseon Cho and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e481–e490, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf350 47 Artemisinin Partial Resistance Mutations in Zanzibar and Tanzania Suggest Regional Spread and African Origins, 2023 2023年桑给巴尔和坦桑尼亚的青蒿素部分耐药突变提示区域传播和非洲起源 Sean V Connelly and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e491–e495, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf431 48 A Multivalent Peptide Vaccine Against Malaria, Targeting Plasmodium Circumsporozoite Protein and Mosquito AgTRIO 一种针对疟疾的多价肽疫苗，靶向疟原虫环子孢子蛋白和蚊子AgTRIO Yu-Min Chuang and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e496–e500, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf432 49 Spontaneous Clearance of Polymerase Chain Reaction–Positive Plasmodium vivax Parasitemia in Northwestern Thailand: An Epidemiological Perspective 泰国西北部聚合酶链反应阳性的恶性疟原虫血症的自发清除：流行病学视角 Pyae Linn Aung and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e501–e509, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf473 50 Gene Editing of a Carcinogenic Liver Fluke Tetraspanin Impairs Parasite Surface Biogenesis and Extracellular Vesicle Uptake by Human Host Cells 对致癌性肝吸虫四跨膜蛋白进行基因编辑，可损害寄生虫表面生物合成以及人宿主细胞对细胞外囊泡的摄取 Sujittra Chaiyadet and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e510–e520, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf466 Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR)（抗菌药物耐药性） 51 Ampicillin/Sulbactam in Combination with Ceftazidime/Avibactam Against Metallo-β-Lactamase-Producing Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii: A Genomics-Informed Mechanism-based model 氨苄西林/舒巴坦联合头孢他啶/阿维巴坦治疗产金属β-内酰胺酶的碳青霉烯耐药鲍曼不动杆菌：基于基因组学的机制模型 Bhavatharini Arun and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e521–e533, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf567 52 CRISPR-Cas–associated SCCmec Variants in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Evade Rapid Diagnostic Detection 耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌中与CRISPR-Cas相关的SCCmec变异体可逃避快速诊断检测 Magdalena Podkowik and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e534–e540, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf575 53 Evaluation of Phenotypic and Genotypic Susceptibility Testing Methods for Newer β-lactam/β-lactamase Inhibitor Combinations in Multidrug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa 评估多药耐药铜绿假单胞菌中新型β-内酰胺/β-内酰胺酶抑制剂组合的表型和基因型敏感性检测方法 Clayton W Hall and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e541–e549, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf585 Fungi（真菌） 54 Adrenal Corticosteroids and Increased Intracranial Pressure in Nonimmunocompromised Patients With Cryptococcal Meningitis 非免疫抑制患者隐球菌性脑膜炎的肾上腺皮质类固醇与颅内压升高 John E Bennett and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e550–e552, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf490 55 Corticosteroid Therapy and Long-Term Outcomes of Post-Infectious Inflammatory Syndrome in Non-HIV Immunosuppressed Cryptococcal Meningitis: A Multicenter Case Series 非HIV免疫抑制隐球菌性脑膜炎患者感染后炎性综合征的皮质类固醇治疗和长期预后：一项多中心病例系列研究 Yuya Ito and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e553–e560, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf620 56 Cerebral Venous Thrombosis in Previously Healthy Patients with Cryptococcal Meningitis 既往健康患者隐球菌性脑膜炎并发脑静脉血栓形成 Seher H Anjum and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e561–e569, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf653 57 The Gut as a Source of Infection for Fungal Pathogens: Increased Fecal Candida albicans Precedes Onset of Candida Late-Onset Sepsis in Very Preterm Infants 肠道作为真菌病原体感染的来源：极早产儿白色念珠菌粪便含量增加早于迟发性念珠菌脓毒症发作 Rimke R de Kroon and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e570–e581, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf524 Correspondence（读者来信） 58 Accurate Measurement of Viral Clearance in Early-Phase Antiviral Studies in Coronavirus Disease 2019 2019冠状病毒病早期抗病毒研究中病毒清除的准确测量 Phrutsamon Wongnak and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e582–e584, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf442 59 Evaluating Viral Load Sampling Schemes and Swabbing Methods for Optimal Surrogacy 评估病毒载量采样方案和拭子采集方法以实现最佳替代指标 Allyson Mateja and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e585–e586, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf443 60 Effect of 5FU on paracoccidioidomycosis 5-氟尿嘧啶对副球孢子菌病的影响 David A Stevens The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Page e587, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf508 61 Response to D. Stevens Letter 对D. Stevens信件的回复 Nycolas Preite The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Page e588, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf509 62 Evaluating Clinical Impacts of Accessory Genome Elements: Escherichia coli Type III Secretion System 2 in Escherichia coli and Beyond! 评估附属基因组元件的临床影响：大肠杆菌III型分泌系统2在大肠杆菌及其他细菌中的作用！ Abi Manesh and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e589–e590, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf515 63 Alarming Prevalence of Gonococcal Ceftriaxone Resistance in Vietnam—Role of Periodic Presumptive Antimicrobials? 越南淋球菌头孢曲松耐药性的惊人流行率——定期假定使用抗菌药物的作用？ Chris Kenyon The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e591–e592, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf553 The Journal of Infectious Diseases. Volume 233 Issue 3 传染病杂志 233卷 3期 https://academic.oup.com/jid/issue/ Editorial（社论） 1 Mechanistic Insights Into Increased Vulnerability to Respiratory Infections in HIV-Exposed Uninfected Infants 未感染婴儿HIV暴露对呼吸道感染易感性增加的机制研究 Cheryl Cohen and Penny Moore The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 417–419, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf494 Viewpoint（观点） 2 Every Body Has Value: Ending Discriminatory Restrictions on Anatomical Donations 每例身体都有其价值：终止对解剖捐赠的歧视性限制 Sara Gianella and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 420–422, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf413 ID Translational Science Update（传染病转化医学最新进展） 3 Syphilis Transmission: Contagion of Bodies and Words 梅毒传播：身体与言语的双重传播 Maurizio Bifulco and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 423–427, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf576 Major Articles and Brief Reports（主要论著与简要报告） HIV/AIDs（人类免疫缺陷病毒/艾滋病） 4 Maternal Inflammation Likely Drives Impaired Immune Responses to Respiratory Syncytial Virus in HIV-Exposed Uninfected Infants 母体炎症可能是导致HIV暴露于未感染婴儿对呼吸道合胞病毒免疫应答受损的原因 Christiana Smith and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 428–439, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf493 Bacterial Disease Pathogenesis（细菌性疾病发病机制） 5 Large Reductions in Invasive Pneumococcal Disease and Related Morbidities Among Children in New Zealand After Change From PCV10 to PCV13 新西兰儿童在从PCV10换用PCV13后，侵袭性肺炎球菌病及相关发病率大幅下降 Andrew Anglemyer and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 440–444, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf587 6 Lack of S100A8 Impairs Lung-Protective Immunity Against Streptococcus pneumoniae 缺乏S100A8会损害针对肺炎链球菌的肺部保护性免疫 Lena Ostermann and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 445–457, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf647 7 Microbial Dominance in Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis Determined With Nanopore Sequencing Techniques Predicts Positive Response to Surgical Intervention 利用纳米孔测序技术确定糖尿病足骨髓炎中的微生物优势种，可预测对手术干预的积极反应 Brian M Schmidt and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 458–464, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf617 8 Characteristics and Antiadhesion Activity of Chicken Single-Chain Fragment Variable Antibodies Against Helicobacter pylori Adhesin A 针对幽门螺杆菌黏附素A的鸡单链抗体片段的特性及其抗黏附活性 Yanan Gong and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 465–474, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf550 9 Bartonella henselae Subverts Host Cell Apoptosis by Linking Intracellular NOD2 Sensing to an AREG/EGFR Autocrine Survival Loop 汉赛巴尔通体通过将细胞内NOD2感知与AREG/EGFR自分泌生存环联系起来，破坏宿主细胞凋亡 Jun He and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 475–484, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf566 Viral Disease Pathogenesis（病毒性疾病发病机制） 10 Influenza-associated Excess Mortality Associated With Influenza B in Hong Kong, 2014–2023 2014 - 2023年香港地区乙型流感相关的超额死亡率 Jessica Y Wong and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 485–492, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf414 11 Disparate Kinetics of Viable Virus Shedding in Immunocompromised Patients: SARS-CoV-2 Versus Influenza Virus—A Prospective Real-World Cohort Study 免疫功能低下患者中存活病毒脱落动力学差异：新冠病毒与流感病毒——一项前瞻性真实世界队列研究 So Yun Lim and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 493–497, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf479 12 Autoantibodies Against Type I Interferons are a Prominent Feature in SARS-CoV-2 Fatal Disease and Hospitalization 针对I型干扰素的自身抗体是严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型致命性和住院治疗的显著特征 Rebeca Linhares Abreu Netto and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 498–509, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf514 13 Genetic Landscape of a Cohort of Children With Varicella Zoster Virus Encephalitis, Cerebellitis, and Stroke 水痘带状疱疹病毒脑炎、小脑炎和中风患儿队列的遗传学特征 Franziska Winzig and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 510–520, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf448 14 The Diagnostic Value of Soluble Epstein-Barr Virus BZLF1 Protein in Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disease Among Solid Organ and Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients 可溶性爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒BZLF1蛋白在实体器官和造血细胞移植受者移植后淋巴增殖性疾病中的诊断价值 Neval Ete Wareham and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 521–527, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf477 15 Noninvasive Detection of Occult yet Significant Liver Pathology in Alanine Aminotransferase–Normal Chronic Hepatitis B: A Multicenter Study 丙氨酸氨基转移酶正常的慢性乙型肝炎患者中非侵入性检测隐匿却重要的肝脏病理：一项多中心研究 Xinjie Li and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 528–540, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf554 16 Mesenteric Ischemia and Bacterial Translocation Precipitate the Intoxication Phase of Yellow Fever 肠系膜缺血和细菌移位促使黄热病进入中毒阶段 Mateus V Thomazella and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 541–553, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf483 17 Essential Role of Clathrin and Lipid Rafts in pH-dependent Entry of Chandipura Virus: Independence From Caveolin Pathway 网格蛋白和脂质筏在Chandipura病毒pH依赖性进入过程中的重要作用：独立于小窝蛋白途径 Ritudhwaj Tiwari and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 554–559, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf446 Fungi（真菌） 18 Blood Cultures Contain Populations of Genetically Diverse Candida albicans Strains that May Differ in Echinocandin Tolerance and Fitness 血培养中含有遗传多样的白色念珠菌菌株群体，这些菌株在棘白菌素耐受性和适应性方面可能存在差异 Giuseppe Fleres and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 560–572, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf495 19 Interferon-gamma Production Defects Characterize Immune Responses in Patients With Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis 干扰素-γ产生缺陷是慢性肺曲霉病患者免疫应答的特征 Nico A F Janssen and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 573–582, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf596 20 Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor–Associated Factor 1 Inhibits Macrophage Killing of Sporothrix schenckii by Enhancing Expression and Activity of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase 肿瘤坏死因子受体相关因子1通过增强诱导型一氧化氮合酶的表达和活性，抑制巨噬细胞对申克孢子丝菌的杀伤作用 Congcong He and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 583–593, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf646 Global Health（全球健康） 21 Rifampin Exposure in Pregnant and Nonpregnant Women With Tuberculosis in India 印度结核病孕妇和非孕妇的利福平暴露情况 Prakruti S Rao and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 594–597, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf467 22 Evaluating the Impact of Unadjusted Confounding and Study Design on Estimated Pathogen-attributable Diarrhea Incidence Among Children in the MAL-ED Cohort 评估未调整混杂因素和研究设计对MAL-ED队列中儿童病原体归因腹泻发病率估计的影响 Charlotte R Doran and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 598–606, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf531 23 Defining Severe Shigellosis in the Enterics for Global Health Study: A Comparison of Leading Diarrhea Severity Definitions Among Children With Shigella Diarrhea 全球肠道健康研究中对儿童严重志贺氏菌病的定义：志贺氏菌腹泻儿童中主要腹泻严重程度定义的比较 Olivia Lang Schultes and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 607–617, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf630 Editorial（社论） 24 Evidence for Neuroinvasive Lassa Virus Infection in Pediatric Patients: Initial Findings and Implications 儿科患者神经侵袭性拉沙病毒感染的证据：初步发现及启示 Andrew P Platt and Daniel S Chertow The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e593–e595, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf548 Perspectives（展望） 25 The Emerging Role of Immunothrombosis in the Control and Pathogenesis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis 免疫血栓形成在结核分枝杆菌控制和发病机制中的新兴作用 Seán Donohue and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e596–e599, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf415 ID Translational Science Update（传染病转化医学最新进展） 26 Whole-Exome Sequencing for the Identification of Genetic Factors Implicated in Severe Bacterial Infections: A Systematic Review 全外显子组测序用于鉴定与严重细菌感染相关的遗传因素：一项系统综述 Morgane Gélin and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e600–e610, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag006 Major Articles and Brief Reports（主要论著与简要报告） Viral Disease Pathogenesis（病毒性疾病发病机制） 27 Presence of Lassa Virus RNA in Cerebrospinal Fluid Indicating Neuroinvasive Lassa Fever in Pediatric Patients From Edo State, Nigeria 尼日利亚埃多州儿科患者脑脊液中存在拉沙病毒RNA，表明存在神经侵袭性拉沙热 Hannah Caroline Sophie Müller and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e611–e620, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf547 28 Anti-HBs Immune Complex Levels: A Novel Marker of Hepatitis Flare Following Nucleos(t)ide Analog Withdrawal in HBeAg-negative Chronic Hepatitis B 抗-HBs免疫复合物水平：乙型肝炎e抗原阴性慢性乙型肝炎患者核苷（酸）类似物停药后肝炎发作的新型标志物 S J Hume and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e621–e629, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf569 29 Oral Microbiome Diversity Matters on Nucleos(t)ide Analogue Cessation in Chronic Hepatitis B 慢性乙型肝炎患者核苷（酸）类似物停药时口腔微生物组多样性的重要性 Mahin Ghorbani and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e630–e640, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf591 30 A Phase 1 Double-Blinded Trial to Evaluate Safety, Immunogenicity, and Dosing of Measles-Vectored Chikungunya Virus Vaccine (MV-CHIK) in Healthy Adults 一项评估健康成年人接种麻疹载体基孔肯雅病毒疫苗（MV-CHIK）的安全性、免疫原性和剂量的1期双盲试验 Patricia Winokur and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e641–e645, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf571 31 A Test-Negative Design for Immune Correlates Approximates a Traditional Exposure-Proximal Design but Requires Far Fewer Blood Samples 免疫相关因素的检验阴性设计近似于传统的暴露近端设计，但所需血液样本数量要少得多 Dean Follmann and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e646–e650, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf572 32 Comparison of Healthcare Resource Utilization and Disease Outcomes in Adults Hospitalized with Human Metapneumovirus and Respiratory Syncytial Virus 人偏肺病毒和呼吸道合胞病毒感染住院成人患者的医疗资源利用情况和疾病预后比较 Emily Rayens and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e651–e661, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf597 33 Avian Influenza Virus A(H5N1) Genotype D1.1 Is Better Adapted to Human Nasal and Airway Organoids Than Genotype B3.13 禽流感病毒A(H5N1) D1.1基因型比B3.13基因型更适应人体鼻腔和气道类器官 Xiaojuan Zhang and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e662–e666, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf598 34 The Impact of Corticosteroid Therapy on Patients With West Nile Virus: A Retrospective Cohort Study 皮质类固醇治疗对西尼罗河病毒患者的影响：一项回顾性队列研究 Itamar Poran and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e667–e673, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf601 35 Serological Survey in African Nonhuman Primate Species in Cameroon and the Democratic Republic of the Congo Reveals Low Overall Seroprevalence to Mpox Virus 对喀麦隆和刚果民主共和国非洲非人灵长类物种的血清学调查显示，猴痘病毒总体血清阳性率较低 Neraide Biai and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e674–e686, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf602 Bacterial Disease Pathogenesis（细菌性疾病发病机制） 36 Manufacture of Clostridioides difficile Spores for Experimental Infection of Human Volunteers 用于人体志愿者实验性感染的艰难梭菌孢子制备 Annefleur D O Hensen and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e687–e695, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf612 37 Digital Anorectal Examination to Self-detect Primary Syphilis: A Prospective Cohort Study 数字肛门直肠检查用于自我检测原发性梅毒：一项前瞻性队列研究 Julien Tran and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e696–e705, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf628 38 Higher Promoter Methylation of the Ubiquitin-Associated and SH3 Domain Containing A (UBASH3A) Gene Is Associated With T-Lymphocyte Ontogeny and Reduced Susceptibility to Early-Onset Sepsis 泛素相关和SH3结构域含A（UBASH3A）基因启动子高甲基化与T淋巴细胞发生及早发性脓毒症易感性降低相关 Ziyi Wang and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e706–e711, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf636 39 Efficacies of Sequenced Monotherapies of Mycobacterium avium Lung Infection in Mouse 小鼠肺鸟分枝杆菌感染序贯单一疗法的疗效 Ruth A Howe and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e712–e720, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf640 40 The Landscape and Regulatory Determinants of A-to-I RNA Editing in Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated From Patients With Urinary Tract and Ear Infections 从尿路感染和耳部感染患者中分离出的大肠杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌中A-to-I RNA编码的格局及调控决定因素 Eyal Elias and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e721–e730, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf645 Parasites（寄生虫） 41 Efficacy of Praziquantel for Treatment of Plasmodium falciparum Infection in Asymptomatic Gabonese Adults: A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Randomized Trial 双盲安慰剂对照随机试验评估吡喹酮治疗加蓬无症状成人恶性疟原虫感染的疗效 Johannes Mischlinger and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e731–e739, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf544 42 Chronic Malaria Is Associated With Trauma-related Splenic Rupture Requiring Splenectomy 慢性疟疾与创伤性脾破裂相关，需行脾切除术 Putu A I Shanti and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e740–e744, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf629 43 Extreme Genetic Diversity and Signatures of Balancing Selection in Plasmodium vivax Blood-Stage Antigens 间日疟原虫血液阶段抗原具有极高的遗传多样性和平衡选择的特征 Alison Paolo N Bareng and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e745–e755, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf539 44 How Duffy Blood Group (FY) Polymorphism and Age Modulate Vivax Malaria Risk at the Community Level: A Population-based Retrospective Cohort Study in the Amazon 社区层面杜菲血型（FY）多态性和年龄如何调节间日疟风险：亚马逊地区一项基于人群的回顾性队列研究 Carlos A Prete and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e756–e765, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf562 45 New Viability Assays for Acanthamoeba castellanii Trophozoites and Cysts Allow Rapid Assessment of Drug Activity 卡氏棘阿米巴滋养体和包囊新的活性检测方法可快速评估药物活性 Carrie A Flynn and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e766–e776, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf599 Global Health（全球健康） 46 Stunting Increases Influenza Virus Shedding Duration in Preschool/School-Aged Children 发育迟缓会增加学龄前/学龄儿童流感病毒脱落持续时间 Mia Q Zhu and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e777–e781, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf641 47 False-positive Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Tests are Prevalent Among Children Under 5 Years of Age in Uganda 乌干达5岁以下儿童疟疾快速诊断试验假阳性率较高 Caitlin A Cassidy and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e782–e790, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf604 48 Comparative Analysis of Flight Volume Effects on COVID-19 and Influenza Transmission Across Variable Control Intensities, 2019–2024 2019 - 2024年不同防控强度下航班量对新冠肺炎和流感传播影响的比较分析 Yanfang Xu and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e791–e801, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf545 49 High Seropositivity to rK39 and Capture of Leishmania-Infected Sand Flies in Bihar and Jharkhand Emphasize the Need for Post-Elimination Surveillance of Visceral Leishmaniasis in India 比哈尔邦和贾坎德邦rK39血清阳性率高且捕获到感染利什曼原虫的白蛉，强调印度内脏利什曼病消除后需加强监测 Eva Iniguez and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e802–e811, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf543 Microbiome（微生物组） 50 The Gut Microbiome and Butyrate Differentiate Clostridioides difficile Colonization and Infection in Children 肠道微生物组和丁酸盐可区分儿童艰难梭菌定植和感染 Maribeth R Nicholson and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e812–e822, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf631 51 Gut Microbiota Predicts the Risk of Future COVID-19 Hospitalization and Mortality: Insights From the Population-Based HELIUS Study 肠道微生物群可预测未来新冠肺炎住院和死亡风险：来自基于人群的HELIUS研究的见解 Robert F J Kullberg and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e823–e827, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf541 52 Douching Is Associated With Dysregulated Rectal Mucosal Immunity in Sexual Minority Men 灌洗与性少数男性直肠黏膜免疫失调相关 Courtney A Broedlow and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e828–e838, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf577 Correspondence（读者来信） 53 Effectiveness of 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Against Pneumonia Hospitalization Among Medicare Beneficiaries Aged ≥65 in Long-Term Care 13价肺炎球菌结合疫苗对长期护理机构中≥65岁医疗保险受益人肺炎住院的预防效果 Wenwen Zhao and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Page e839, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf581 54 Letter to the Editor in Response to Zhao et al 致编辑的信（回应赵等人） Lindsay Zielinski and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e840–e841, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf582 55 Fishborne Trematodiases in the United States: A Blind Spot in U.S. Emerging Infectious Disease Preparedness 美国鱼源性吸虫病：美国新兴传染病防范中的盲点 Nathkapach K Rattanapitoon and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e842–e843, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf588 56 Comment on “A Review of Aedes aegypti Control in Peru: Approaches and Lessons Learned” 对“秘鲁伊蚊控制回顾：方法与经验教训”的评论 Carmen Thompson Perea and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e844–e845, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf589 57 Balancing Pharmacokinetic Targets and Lymphocyte Declines with Once-Monthly Oral Islatravir for PrEP 平衡药代动力学目标和淋巴细胞减少情况，每月一次口服艾斯拉特韦用于暴露前预防 Anxin Wen The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e846–e847, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf618 58 Polio-Free, Not Risk-Free: Wastewater as Early Warning 无脊髓灰质炎，但并非无风险：废水作为早期预警 Francesco Branda and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e848–e849, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf643 The Journal of Infectious Diseases. Volume 233 Issue Supplement_1 传染病杂志 233卷 增刊1期 https://academic.oup.com/jid/issue/233/Supplement_1 SUPPLEMENT（增刊） Molecular Epidemiology of β-Lactam Resistance in Gram-negative Bacteria in China 中国革兰氏阴性菌β-内酰胺酶类抗生素耐药性的分子流行病学 Supplement Articles（增补论著） 1 Aztreonam-Avibactam Resistance Due to Synergistic Interplay of ampC-Related Mutations in Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacter spp 碳青霉烯耐药肠杆菌属中因ampC相关突变的协同作用导致的氨曲南-阿维巴坦耐药 Yang Zeng and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue Supplement_1, 15 March 2026, Pages S1–S9, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf384 2 Molecular Mechanisms of β-Lactam Resistance and Its Contribution to Multidrug Resistance in Helicobacter pylori 幽门螺杆菌β-内酰胺酶类抗生素耐药的分子机制及其对多重耐药的影响 Jun Zhou and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue Supplement_1, 15 March 2026, Pages S10–S20, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf385 3 Molecular Epidemiology and Persistence of Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in Zhejiang, China (2015–2020): Insights Into Resistance, Virulence, and Transmission Dynamics 2015 - 2020年中国浙江地区多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌的分子流行病学及持久性：对耐药性、毒力和传播动态的见解 Yisha Zhang and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue Supplement_1, 15 March 2026, Pages S21–S30, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf425 4 Clinical Outcomes in Hypervirulent Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Infection: A Cohort Study 高毒力碳青霉烯耐药肺炎克雷伯菌感染的临床预后：一项队列研究 Ya Hu and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue Supplement_1, 15 March 2026, Pages S31–S37, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf460 5 Reduced Susceptibility to Cefepime–Taniborbactam in Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Attributed to Penicillin-Binding Protein 3 Modifications 碳青霉烯耐药肺炎克雷伯菌中因青霉素结合蛋白3修饰导致对头孢吡肟-他尼硼巴坦敏感性降低 Baofang Zhang and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue Supplement_1, 15 March 2026, Pages S38–S46, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf463 6 Isolation of Lytic Bacteriophages Against Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae of Capsular Type KL64 From Water Collected at Multiple Sites Across China 从中国多个地点采集的水样中分离出针对荚膜型KL64碳青霉烯耐药肺炎克雷伯菌的溶菌性噬菌体 Juan Li and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue Supplement_1, 15 March 2026, Pages S47–S55, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf607 7 Clinical and Molecular Characteristics of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Causing Bloodstream Infection in a Chinese Teaching Hospital 中国某教学医院引起血流感染的碳青霉烯耐药肺炎克雷伯菌的临床和分子特征 Quanfeng Liao and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue Supplement_1, 15 March 2026, Pages S56–S63, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf613 8 OmpK35 and OmpK36 Deficiencies Driving High-level Carbapenem Resistance in ST11 Klebsiella Pneumoniae OmpK35和OmpK36缺失导致ST11型肺炎克雷伯菌高水平碳青霉烯耐药 Jiayuan Qin and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue Supplement_1, 15 March 2026, Pages S64–S71, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf621 9 Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae of Sequence Type 11: A Scoping Review 序列型11的碳青霉烯耐药肺炎克雷伯菌：一项范围综述 Yongqiang Yang and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue Supplement_1, 15 March 2026, Pages S72–S80, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf635 10 Emergence of Carbapenem-Resistant Escherichia coli Coharboring blaCTX-M-199 and Penicillin-Binding Protein 3 Insertion Conferring Increased Aztreonam/Avibactam Resistance in South China 中国南方出现携带blaCTX-M-199且青霉素结合蛋白3插入导致氨曲南/阿维巴坦耐药性增强的碳青霉烯耐药大肠埃希菌 Jiong Wang and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue Supplement_1, 15 March 2026, Pages S81–S91, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag025 11 Challenges and Strategies in Managing β-Lactam–Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in China 中国应对β-内酰胺酶类抗生素耐药的铜绿假单胞菌所面临的挑战和策略 Yue Li and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue Supplement_1, 15 March 2026, Pages S92–S103, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag033 12 New Delhi Metallo-β-Lactamase Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Neonates: A Genome-Based Surveillance Study 新生儿中新德里金属β-内酰胺酶碳青霉烯耐药肺炎克雷伯菌：一项基于基因组的监测研究 Liting Liang and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue Supplement_1, 15 March 2026, Pages S104–S112, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag034 13 Trends of Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-negative Bacteria in China: A Surveillance Study Between 2015 and 2024 2015 - 2024年中国碳青霉烯耐药革兰氏阴性菌的趋势：一项监测研究 Yan Guo and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue Supplement_1, 15 March 2026, Pages S113–S117, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag083 The Journal of Infectious Diseases. Volume 233 Issue 4 传染病杂志 233卷 4期 https://academic.oup.com/jid/issue/ Editorial（社论） 1 The Editors' Update: JID Continues to Evolve 社论更新：《传染病杂志》持续发展 Cornelius J (Neil) Clancy and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 619–620, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag159 2 Protocols for Randomized Controlled Trials: Advancing Transparency in Infectious Diseases  随机对照试验方案：提高传染病研究的透明度 Jean-Jacques Parienti and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Page 621, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag134 3 Dissecting the Impact of the Gut Microbiome on HIV Reservoir Dynamics 剖析肠道微生物组对HIV储存库动态的影响 Christopher M Basting and Nichole R Klatt The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 622–624, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf560 Viewpoint（观点） 4 Doxycycline Post-exposure Prophylaxis and Off-target Antimicrobial Resistance: Potential Amplification Within Sexual Networks 多西环素暴露后预防用药与非靶向抗菌药物耐药性：性网络内潜在的耐药性放大 Manon Roberts and Peter Davis The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 625–627, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf439 5 Clearing the Air: Rethinking Airway Infection With CFTR Modulators 清除迷雾：重新思考囊性纤维化跨膜转导调节因子调节剂治疗下的气道感染 Edith T Zemanick and Ranjani Somayaji The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 628–630, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf625 Invited ID Translational Science Update（特邀传染病转化医学更新） 6 Microbiota, Mucus, and Modulators: Cystic Fibrosis Infection Pathogenesis in the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Modulator Era 微生物群、黏液与调节剂：囊性纤维化跨膜转导调节因子调节剂时代囊性纤维化感染的发病机制 Christina S Thornton and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 631–639, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf626 Major Articles and Brief Reports（论著与简报） HIV/AIDs（人类免疫缺陷病毒/艾滋病） 7 HIV Reservoir Dynamics and Bacteriome Composition Along the Gut Axis 肠道轴上HIV储存库动态与细菌群组成 Mattia Trunfio and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 640–651, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf546 8 Mitochondrial DNA Fragment Dynamics in Acute and Chronic Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Insights From Human and Nonhuman Primate Models 急性和慢性人类免疫缺陷病毒感染中线粒体DNA片段动态：来自人类和非人类灵长类动物模型的见解 Jing Sun and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 652–663, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag014 9 Multiancestry Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies Variants in a Zinc Finger Gene Cluster as Novel Regulators of HIV Control 多祖先全基因组关联研究确定锌指基因簇中的变异体作为HIV控制的新型调节因子 Abraham Awada and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 664–673, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag072 Bacterial Disease Pathogenesis（细菌性疾病发病机制） 10 Respiratory Syncytial Virus–Mediated Gas6/Axl Axis Induces Hyporesponsive Macrophages to Promote Pneumococcal Proliferation in the Nasopharynx 呼吸道合胞病毒介导的Gas6/Axl轴诱导巨噬细胞低反应性以促进鼻咽部肺炎链球菌增殖 Saki Ishikawa and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 674–684, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag004 11 Variable Staphylothrombin Activity in Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infections 金黄色葡萄球菌血流感染中可变的葡萄球菌凝血酶活性 Gregory L Damhorst and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 685–695, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag012 12 TLR4–MyD88–NF-κB Signaling in the Airway Epithelium Promotes Acinetobacter baumannii Clearance 气道上皮细胞中的TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB信号通路促进鲍曼不动杆菌的清除 Jisun Kim and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 696–705, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag061 Viral Disease Pathogenesis（病毒性疾病发病机制） 13 Ganciclovir Dosing in Premature Infants Receiving Treatment for Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection: Results of a Prospective Pharmacokinetic Study 先天性巨细胞病毒感染接受治疗的早产儿更昔洛韦剂量：一项前瞻性药代动力学研究结果 Edward P Acosta and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 706–713, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf528 14 National- and State-level SARS-CoV-2 Immunity Trends From January 2020 to December 2023: a Mathematical Modeling Analysis 2020年1月至2023年12月国家及州级SARS-CoV-2免疫趋势：一项数学建模分析 Fayette Klaassen and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 714–724, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf532 15 Risk- and Response-Adapted Treatment in Pediatric Epstein-Barr Virus–Associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis 儿童EB病毒相关噬血细胞性淋巴组织细胞增生症的风险和反应适应性治疗 Jing Miao and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 725–734, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf556 16 IPVS Consensus Statement on The Natural History of Cervical Human Papillomavirus Infection 国际乳头瘤病毒学会关于宫颈人乳头瘤病毒感染自然史的共识声明 Marc D Ryser and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 735–744, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf574 17 Long Non-Coding RNA NEAT1 Inhibits Enterovirus 71 Replication by Enhancing IFN-β Transcription Through DDX60 Signaling: Pathological Insights and Clinical Implications 长链非编码RNA NEAT1通过DDX60信号增强IFN-β转录抑制肠道病毒71型复制：病理学见解与临床意义 Dong Li and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 745–757, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf578 18 A Threshold in Anti–EBNA-1 Antibody Titers Distinguishes Salivary EBV Shedders From Nonshedders 抗EBNA-1抗体滴度的阈值可区分唾液EB病毒脱落者与非脱落者 João Vitor Mahler and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 758–762, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag010 Tuberculosis（结核病） 19 Tuberculosis Disease Prevalence Among People Who Smoke Illicit Drugs: A Respondent- Driven Sampling Study in the Western Cape, South Africa 南非西开普省使用受访者驱动抽样法研究吸食非法毒品者中结核病的患病率 Samantha Malatesta and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 763–772, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf481 20 Childhood Tuberculosis and Risk of Frailty in Later Life: Evidence From a Nationally Representative Study in Brazil 巴西一项全国代表性研究显示儿童期结核病与晚年衰弱风险的关系 Evelyn Lepka de Lima and Márlon Juliano Romero Aliberti The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 773–776, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf563 21 A Monovalent SMAC Mimetic as a Potential Host-Directed Therapy for Tuberculosis 单价SMAC模拟物作为结核病潜在宿主导向疗法 Jiahong Ji and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 777–786, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag031 22 Cerebrospinal Fluid Hypo-inflammation Drives Mortality in HIV-Associated Tuberculous Meningitis 脑脊液低炎症反应是HIV相关结核性脑膜炎死亡的原因 Anna L Wilt and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 787–798, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag032 Editorial（社论） 23 Guiding Lines: Practical and Accessible Approaches for Analyzing Serological Data for Infectious Disease Surveillance 指导方针：用于传染病监测的血清学数据分析的实用且易获取的方法 Laura C Steinhardt The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e850–e852, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag054 Perspectives（观点） 24 Commensal Bacteria: An Under-recognized Cause of Pneumonia 共生菌：一种被忽视的肺炎病因 Daniel M Musher and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e853–e856, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag053 25 The Role of Antiviral Treatment of Influenza in Reducing Hospitalizations and Other Severe Outcomes: A Need for More Evidence 抗病毒治疗流感在减少住院和其他严重结局方面的作用：需要更多证据 Mark W Tenforde and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e857–e861, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf573 Major Articles and Brief Reports（论著与简报） Special Report（专题报告） 26 Whose Line Is it Anyway? Defining Seropositivity Cutoffs for Infectious Disease Surveillance  究竟以谁为准？确定传染病监测血清阳性临界值 Michael T White and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e862–e871, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf537 Parasites（寄生虫） 27 Quantifying the Role of Importation on Sustained Malaria Transmission in a Low-to-Moderate Burden Region of Southwest Uganda  量化输入在维持乌干达西南部低至中度负担地区疟疾持续传播中的作用 Adrienne Epstein and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e872–e881, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag008 28 Antibody-Dependent Neutrophil Phagocytosis of Plasmodium falciparum–Infected Erythrocytes Is Mediated by FcγRIIa  抗体依赖的中性粒细胞吞噬恶性疟原虫感染的红细胞由FcγRIIa介导 Maria Saeed and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e882–e890, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag071 29 Comparison of CD4 T-Cell Response in Plasmodium falciparum and vivax Malaria  恶性疟原虫和间日疟原虫疟疾中CD4 T细胞反应的比较 Mayimuna Nalubega and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e891–e901, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag115 HIV/AIDs（人类免疫缺陷病毒/艾滋病） 30 Persistent Increased Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells and Inflammation in People With HIV Years After Tuberculosis  结核病治愈数年后，HIV感染者体内浆细胞样树突状细胞持续增多且炎症反应持续存在 Maureen Ward and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e902–e912, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf499 31 Neuroaxonal Injury in Acute HIV Infection and Following Immediate Antiretroviral Therapy  急性HIV感染期及立即接受抗逆转录病毒治疗后出现的神经轴突损伤 Phillip Chan and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e913–e922, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf583 32 Weekly Oral Prophylaxis With MK-8527 Protects Rhesus Macaques From Intrarectal Challenge With Simian–Human Immunodeficiency Virus  每周口服MK-8527进行预防可保护恒河猴免受猴-人免疫缺陷病毒的直肠攻击 Tracy L Diamond and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e923–e931, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf610 33 Partial Post-exposure Protection by Topical Inserts Containing Tenofovir Alafenamide Fumarate/Elvitegravir in a Macaque Model of Rectal Simian HIV (SHIV) Infection 在猕猴直肠猴免疫缺陷病毒（SHIV）感染模型中，含富马酸替诺福韦艾拉酚胺/埃维替韦的局部插入物提供部分暴露后保护 Natalia Makarova and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e932–e936, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf611 34 Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Associated Proteomic Signature of Myocardial Fibrosis and Incident Heart Failure  人类免疫缺陷病毒相关心肌纤维化和偶发心力衰竭的蛋白质组学特征 Tess E Peterson and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e937–e947, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag013 Bacterial Disease Pathogenesis（细菌性疾病发病机制） 35 Treatment of Pseudomonas by Removal of Cloaking Antibodies: Is Common Polysaccharide Antigen a Factor?  通过去除伪装抗体治疗铜绿假单胞菌感染：常见多糖抗原是否是一个因素？ Joshua N Monteith and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e948–e956, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag002 36 High Prevalence and Genotypic Diversity of Persistent Chlamydia Trachomatis Infections Among South African Adolescent Girls and Young Women: A Tale of Two Cities  南非少女和年轻女性中持续性沙眼衣原体感染的患病率高且基因型多样：两个城市的对比情况 Smritee Dabee and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e957–e962, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag023 37 The Effect of Pertussis Vaccination During Pregnancy on the Binding Epitopes and Avidity of Anti–Pertussis Toxin Immunoglobulin G Antibodies in Infants and Their Mothers  孕期接种百日咳疫苗对婴儿及其母亲体内抗百日咳毒素免疫球蛋白G抗体的结合表位和亲和力的影响 Aapo Knuutila and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e963–e972, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag048 Tuberculosis（结核病） 38 Accuracy of the Phenotypic 1G Test to Detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Drug Resistance From Sputa in the US-Mexico Border  表型1G试验检测美国-墨西哥边境痰液中结核分枝杆菌及耐药性的准确性 Mia Aguirre and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e973–e980, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf638 39 Mycobacterium tuberculosis–Specific CFP-10/ESAT-6 CD4 and CD8 T-Cell Non-IFN-γ+ Responses Are Common in Young Kenyan Children Despite Low Reported Tuberculosis Exposure  尽管报告的结核病暴露率较低，但肯尼亚幼儿中仍普遍存在结核分枝杆菌特异性CFP-10/ESAT-6 CD4和CD8 T细胞非γ干扰素阳性反应 Sylvia M LaCourse and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e981–e989, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag039 40 Modeling the Impact of Case Finding for Tuberculosis: The Role of Infection Dynamics  结核病病例发现的影响建模：感染动态的作用 Theresa S Ryckman and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e990–e998, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag050 41 Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Standard- and High-Dose Rifampicin for Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy in the 2R2 Randomized Controlled Trial  2R2随机对照试验中用于结核病预防治疗的标准剂量和高剂量利福平的群体药代动力学建模 Fajri Gafar and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e999–e1010, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag052 Viruses（病毒） 42 Improved Immune Response Against Influenza A Viruses With Receipt of a Recombinant Influenza Vaccine in Healthcare Personnel With Prior Low Antibody Response to Egg-Based Influenza Vaccines, Israel, 2019–2020 2019-2020年，以色列既往对基于鸡蛋的流感疫苗抗体反应低的医护人员接种重组流感疫苗后，对甲型流感病毒的免疫反应有所改善 Kelsey M Sumner and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e1011–e1021, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf605 43 Antineuraminidase Antibody Responses in Older Adults After Consecutive Vaccinations With Enhanced Influenza Vaccines: A Randomized Controlled Trial  老年人连续接种强化流感疫苗后抗神经氨酸酶抗体反应：一项随机对照试验 Pavithra Daulagala and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e1022–e1030, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf616 44 The Pandemic Respiratory Virus Epidemiological Surveillance Trial-A Self-swab Surveillance System for Respiratory Viruses Nested Within FluTracking  大流行性呼吸道病毒流行病学监测试验——嵌入FluTracking的呼吸道病毒自我拭子监测系统 Camille Esneau and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e1031–e1039, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf632 45 Intracellular Ganciclovir Triphosphate Concentrations in Children With Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection  先天性巨细胞病毒感染患儿体内更昔洛韦三磷酸的细胞内浓度 Brent Lindquist-Kleissler and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e1040–e1045, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf633 46 Hepatitis E Virus Infection in Patients With Chronic Liver Diseases: A Latin American Multicenter Study  拉丁美洲多中心研究：慢性肝病患者中的戊型肝炎病毒感染情况 Anabella Clara Fantilli and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e1046–e1055, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf615 47 In Vivo Risk Assessment of Yellow Fever Virus Transmission Through Breastfeeding, and Mechanistic Insights  母乳喂养传播黄热病病毒的体内风险评估及机制研究 Jeanne Pascard and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e1056–e1068, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf637 Letters to the Editor（致编辑的信） 48 Re: Estimating the Early Transmission Inhibition of New Treatment Regimens for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis 回复：估算耐药结核病新治疗方案对早期传播的抑制作用 Tom A Yates and David A Barr The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e1069–e1070, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf655 49 Reply to Yates and Barr 回复耶茨和巴尔 Ruvandhi R Nathavitharana and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e1071–e1072, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf656 50 How “Enhanced” Are Enhanced Influenza Vaccines for Neuraminidase? Antigen Content and Baseline Immunity Revisited 强化流感疫苗对神经氨酸酶的“强化”程度如何？重新审视抗原含量和基线免疫力 Xiaowei Zhang The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e1073–e1074, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag042 51 Response to Letter to the Editor Regarding the Immunogenicity of Enhanced Influenza Vaccines in Inducing Neuraminidase Inhibition Antibodies 回复致编辑的关于“强化流感疫苗诱导神经氨酸酶抑制抗体免疫原性”的信 Pavithra Daulagala and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e1075–e1076, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag043 52 Comment on B-Cell Subset Representation Predicts SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Response in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients 关于“B细胞亚群表征预测实体器官移植受者对SARS-CoV-2疫苗反应”的评论 Pınar Belviranlı Keskin The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Page e1077, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag055 53 Response to Dr Belviranli Keskin's Comments 回复贝尔维兰利·凯斯金的评论 James J Knox and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Page e1078, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag056 54 Beyond Antibodies: Influenza Vaccine Induced T-Cell Response in Hematological Malignancy— Commentary on Insights From Hall et al 超越抗体：流感疫苗在血液系统恶性肿瘤患者中诱导的T细胞反应——对霍尔等人见解的评论 Katja M Sauer and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e1079–e1080, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag079 55 Advancing Understanding of Viral Interference: Insights From Rhinovirus–SARS-CoV-2 Cross-protection and Immunologic Perspectives 加深对病毒干扰的理解：来自鼻病毒-SARS-CoV-2交叉保护和免疫学视角的见解 Weikai Dong and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e1081–e1082, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag080 56 When PD-1 Meets Plaque: Making CD8 Senescence Signals Clinically Actionable in Treated HIV 当PD-1遇上斑块：使治疗后的HIV感染者中CD8细胞衰老信号具有临床可操作性 Xiaowei Zhang The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e1083–e1084, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag081 The Journal of Infectious Diseases. Volume 233 Issue 5 传染病杂志 233卷 5期 https://academic.oup.com/jid/issue/ Editorial（社论） 1 Beyond Transplantation: Cytomegalovirus Viremia as a Therapeutic Target in Non-Cytomegalovirus Syndromes 超越移植：巨细胞病毒血症作为非巨细胞病毒综合征的治疗靶点 Ghady Haidar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 799–801, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf648 2 When Time Is of the Essence: Hepatitis C Virus RNA Point-of-Care Testing in 15Minutes Becomes a Reality 当时间至关重要：15分钟内完成丙型肝炎病毒RNA即时检测成为现实 Tanya L Applegate and Jason Grebely The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 802–805, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf652 Trainee’s Corner（实习生专栏） 3 The Day I Was Told I Wasn’t Doing Science—And Why I’m Grateful for It 被告知我没有在做科学的那一天——以及我为何对此心怀感激 Sara Gianella The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 806–808, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf614 JID Viewpoint（《传染病杂志》观点） 4 Restoring TB-specific Immunity in Early HIV Infection—the Dual Promise of Early Antiretroviral and TB Preventive Treatment 在HIV感染早期恢复结核特异性免疫——早期抗逆转录病毒治疗与结核预防性治疗的双重前景 Patrick K Moonan and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 809–811, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf518 Major Articles and Brief Reports（主要论著与简报） Viral Disease Pathogenesis（病毒性疾病发病机制） 5 Cytomegalovirus DNAemia in Hospitalized Adults With SARS-CoV-2 Infection Requiring Supplemental Oxygen: Virologic and Clinical Characteristics and Association With Outcomes  需要补充氧疗的住院成人SARS-CoV-2感染患者中的巨细胞病毒DNA血症：病毒学与临床特征及其与预后的关系 Michael Boeckh and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 812–822, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf649 6 Development of a Rapid Automated Point-of-Care Test for Hepatitis C Viral RNA on the DASH Rapid Polymerase Chain Reaction System  基于DASH快速聚合酶链反应系统的丙型肝炎病毒RNA快速自动化即时检测的开发 Jennifer L Reed and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 823–830, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf608 7 Serum Markers of Fibroinflammatory Activity PRO-C3 and CPa9-HNE Are Associated with Liver-Related Outcomes in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C 纤维炎症活动血清标志物PRO-C3和CPa9-HNE与慢性丙型肝炎患者肝脏相关预后有关 Emilie Toft Skovgaard and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 831–839, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf552 8 A Rapid Assay for Hepatitis C Virus RNA Detection Using Reverse-Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification–Coupled CRISPR-Cas12b–Based Strategy 基于逆转录环介导等温扩增联合CRISPR-Cas12b策略的丙型肝炎病毒RNA快速检测方法 Avisha Chowdhury and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 840–847, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf609 9 Maternal-Fetal Letermovir Exposure In Vivo and Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling: A Rationale for Congenital Cytomegalovirus Therapy 体内母胎来特莫韦暴露及生理药代动力学建模：先天性巨细胞病毒治疗的理论基础 Valentine Faure Bardon and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 848–857, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf619 10 Feasibility and Safety of Aerosolized Influenza Virus Challenge in Humans Using Two Modern Delivery Systems 使用两种现代递送系统进行雾化流感病毒人体激发的可行性与安全性 Nadine Rouphael and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 858–867, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf603 11 Rhinovirus-Associated Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Hospitalized Adult Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study 住院成人患者中与鼻病毒相关的下呼吸道感染：一项回顾性队列研究 Rongling Zhang and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 868–876, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf651 Bacterial Disease Pathogenesis（细菌性疾病发病机制） 12 Decoding Hypervirulence in Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: Genomic and Phenotypic Profiling Reveals Capsular Polysaccharide as a Key Driver of Pathogenicity 解码碳青霉烯耐药肺炎克雷伯菌的高毒力：基因组与表型分析揭示荚膜多糖是致病性的关键驱动因素 Li Xu and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 877–887, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag075 13 Inflammatory Cytokine Profile in Pregnant Women Colonized With Group B Streptococcus Reveals IL-17a as a Potential Biomarker to Identify at-risk Newborns B族链球菌定植孕妇的炎症细胞因子谱显示IL-17a可作为识别高危新生儿的潜在生物标志物 Narjis Amar and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 888–898, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag092 14 Epitope-Based Multimeric Subunit Vaccine (ATOMSSUISpenta) Confers Broad Protection Against Streptococcus suis Infection 表位基多聚体亚单位疫苗（ATOMSSUISpenta）对猪链球菌感染提供广泛保护 Sun-Young Kim and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 899–911, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag131 Parasites（寄生虫） 15 Pfs230 Domains 7–10 Encoded by DNA Vaccines Induce Potent Complement-Independent Transmission-Blocking Antibody Against Plasmodium falciparum DNA疫苗编码的Pfs230结构域7–10可诱导强效非补体依赖性抗恶性疟原虫传播阻断抗体 Yi Cao and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 912–923, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf555 16 Uneven Plasmodium falciparum Transmission and Cryptic ovale Transmission From the Asymptomatic Reservoir in Bagamoyo, Tanzania 坦桑尼亚巴加莫约无症状感染库中恶性疟原虫传播不均与隐匿性卵形疟原虫传播 Jessica T Lin and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 924–933, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf634 17 Mzb1 Promotes Progression of Schistosomiasis by Inducing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Mzb1通过诱导内质网应激促进血吸虫病进展 Lanyue Pan and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 934–945, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf639 Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR)（抗生素耐药） 18 Longitudinal Trends in Pediatric Non-Salmonella Gram-Negative Enterobacterales Infections at a Tertiary Care Center in West Africa, 2005–2023 西非一家三级医疗中心2005–2023年儿童非沙门氏菌革兰阴性肠杆菌科感染的纵向趋势 Sumanth Cherukumilli and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 946–956, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag027 19 The Effect of a 5-Day Course of Azithromycin on Streptococcus Pneumoniae Carriage and Antimicrobial Resistance Among Kenyan Children Discharged From Hospital 阿奇霉素5天疗程对出院肯尼亚儿童肺炎链球菌携带率及抗菌药物耐药性的影响 Tanya E Libby and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 957–965, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag028 20 Comparative Analysis of High-Dose Dual Therapies in First-Line Helicobacter pylori Eradication: An Inverse Probability of Treatment-Weighted Multicenter Study 高剂量双联方案一线幽门螺杆菌根除治疗的比较分析：一项逆概率加权多中心研究 Qingzhou Kong and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 966–974, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag059 Editorial（社论） 21 Implementation Does Not Occur in a Vacuum: Sustaining a Comprehensive and Global Vision for HIV Research 实施并非在真空中发生：维持全面且全球化的HIV研究愿景 Sara Gianella and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1085–e1087, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag063 22 Uncovering the Hidden Impacts of Modern Medicine's Expanding Pharmacopeia on Clostridioides difficile Infection Risk  揭示现代医学不断扩展的药物谱对艰难梭菌感染风险的隐性影响 Alison Laufer Halpin and L Clifford McDonald The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1088–e1091, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag011 Perspectives（观点） 23 Future Directions for NIH HIV Research: A Look Ahead to 2026 美国国立卫生研究院HIV研究的未来方向：展望2026年 Geri R Donenberg and Robert W Eisinger The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1092–e1093, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag062 ID Translational Science Update（传染病转化医学更新） 24 Immune Responses to Phage Therapy in Humans: A Review  人体对噬菌体疗法的免疫应答：综述 Kiran Bosco and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1094–e1103, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag096 Major Articles and Brief Reports（主要论著与简报） Bacterial Disease Pathogenesis（细菌性疾病发病机制） 25 Antibiotic and Nonantibiotic Drugs Associated With Clostridioides difficile Infection Risk: a Pharmacopoeia-Wide Case-Cohort Study  与艰难梭菌感染风险相关的抗菌及非抗菌药物：一项全药物谱病例-队列研究 Kevin A Brown and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1104–e1114, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag001 26 Age-Specific Concentrations and Seroprevalence of Antibodies Against Salmonella Enteritidis (O:9) and Salmonella Typhimurium (O:4,5) Across 3 Sites in Kenya  肯尼亚3个地区针对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌（O:9）和伤寒沙门氏菌（O:4,5）抗体的年龄特异性浓度与血清流行率 Esther M Muthumbi and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1115–e1123, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag114 27 Influence of Chlamydia trachomatis Sequence Variation on pgp3 Antigenicity 沙眼衣原体序列变异对pgp3抗原性的影响 Filomeno Coelho da Silva and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1124–e1129, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag067 28 Increased Diversity and Introduction of Multidrug-Resistant Strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Following Cessation of COVID-19 Pandemic–Related Travel Restrictions: An Observational Genomic Epidemiologic Study  新冠疫情相关旅行限制解除后淋病奈瑟菌多样性增加及多重耐药菌株的引入：一项观察性基因组流行病学研究 Rosa C Coldbeck-Shackley and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1130–e1140, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag097 29 Disease-Attenuated Pneumococcal Biosynthesis Gene Mutants Invade the Mucosal Epithelium and Induce Innate Immunity  致病性减弱的肺炎链球菌生物合成基因突变体可侵入黏膜上皮并诱导先天免疫 Caroline M Weight and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1141–e1153, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag124 HIV/AIDs（人类免疫缺陷病毒/艾滋病） 30 Functional and Transcriptional Senescence Profiles of CD8+ T Cells Associate With the Presence of Carotid Plaques in People Living With HIV  HIV感染者中CD8+ T细胞的功能及转录衰老特征与颈动脉斑块有关 Marc J T Blaauw and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1154–e1164, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag018 31 Estimating HIV-1 Viremic Time From Reservoir Sequence Diversity With Uncertainty Quantification 利用库序列多样性估算HIV-1病毒血症时间及不确定性量化 Edward N Kankaka and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1165–e1172, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag020 32 Longitudinal Changes in Cognition and Brain Imaging in Persons With Human Immunodeficiency Virus  人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者认知功能与脑影像学的纵向变化 James Kennedy and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1173–e1180, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag029 Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR)（抗生素耐药） 33 Epidemiological and Molecular Surveillance of Multiresistant Citrobacter freundii Complex in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Retrospective Cohort Study  三级医疗机构中多重耐药弗氏柠檬酸杆菌复合群的流行病学与分子监测：一项回顾性队列研究 Pérince Fonton and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1181–e1192, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag066 34 The Influence of National Antibiotic Consumption on Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Antibiotic Resistance in Norway, 2003–2024  2003–2024年挪威全国抗生素消耗对淋病奈瑟菌耐药性的影响 Patricia Campbell The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1193–e1202, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag076 35 Restoration of Mucosa-Associated Invariant T-Cell Function in Healthcare-Associated Bacterial Infections Supports Recovery of Carbapenem Efficacy Against Resistant Bacteria Ex Vivo  医疗相关细菌感染中黏膜相关恒定T细胞功能的恢复支持碳青霉烯类药物对耐药菌疗效的体外恢复 Yiting Xue and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1203–e1214, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag151 Parasites（寄生虫） 36 Febrile Temperature Augments Ring-stage Plasmodium falciparum Adhesion to Brain Endothelial Cells  发热温度增强环期恶性疟原虫对脑内皮细胞的黏附 Fatou Joof and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1215–e1225, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf474 37 Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of 6-Diazo-5-Oxo-L-Norleucine in Malawian Adults With and Without Malaria: A Phase 1 Dose-Escalation Clinical Trial 6-重氮-5-氧代-L-正亮氨酸在马拉维有无疟疾成年人群中的安全性、耐受性与药代动力学：一项1期剂量递增临床试验 Brittany A Riggle and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1226–e1237, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag121 38 Tracking Plasmodium knowlesi Through Fecal DNA for Monitoring Zoonotic Transmission in Wild Macaques Across Southeast and South Asia  通过粪便DNA追踪诺氏疟原虫以监测东南亚和南亚野生猕猴中的人畜共患传播 Dhammika Leshan Wannigama and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1238–e1243, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag128 Viruses（病毒） 39 Effectiveness of Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccination Among Persons Residing in a Congregate Migrant Shelter During a Measles Outbreak: An Observational Cohort Study  麻疹爆发期间聚集性移民收容所居住者麻疹-腮腺炎-风疹疫苗的有效性：一项观察性队列研究 Chelsea S Lutz and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1244–e1252, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf650 40 Quantifying the Impact of Switching From Rotarix to Rotavac Rotavirus Vaccine in Ghana  量化加纳从Rotarix转换为Rotavac轮状病毒疫苗的影响 Ernest O Asare and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1253–e1260, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag003 41 Persistent T Cell Immunity Following Nipah Virus Infection: Evidence From Malaysian Survivors  尼帕病毒感染后T细胞免疫的持续存在：来自马来西亚幸存者的证据 Puteri Ainaa S Ibrahim and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1261–e1266, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag017 42 Characterization of Mouse-Adapted Marburg and Ravn Viruses in Inbred BALB/c and Outbred CD-1 Mice  BALB/c近交系与CD-1远交系小鼠中适应小鼠的马尔堡病毒与拉文病毒的特征研究 Katherine A Davies and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1267–e1272, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag019 43 Cross-reactive H5N1 Neuraminidase Antibodies by Age and Influenza A Imprinting Cohorts of the Past Century: Population-Based Serosurvey, British Columbia, Canada  过去一个世纪不同年龄与甲型流感印记队列中H5N1神经氨酸酶交叉反应抗体：加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省人群血清学调查 Danuta M Skowronski and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1273–e1284, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag030 44 Inflammasome Activation and Oxidative Stress in SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Symptomatic Rebound SARS-CoV-2感染及症状反弹中的炎症小体激活与氧化应激 Silvia Lucena Lage and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1285–e1297, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag037 Letters to the Editor（致编辑的信） 45 Reply to Gianella: Redefining Science Together 致Gianella的回复：共同重新定义科学 Rachel A Bender Ignacio The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1298–e1299, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf644 46 Response to the Day I Was Told I Wasn’t Doing Science—And Why I’m Grateful for It 对《被告知我没有在做科学的那一天——以及我为何对此心怀感激》的回应 Darcy Wooten The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Page e1300, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag084 47 Reply to Gianella: Women in Academic Medicine Will Lead a Sea Change 致Gianella的回复：女性学者将引领学术医学的海变 Maile A Y Karris The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Page e1301, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag109 48 Between Two Standards: Reflections on the Double Bind From a Female Chinese Infectious Disease Physician 两种标准之间：一位中国女性传染病医生对双重束缚的反思 Nan Xu The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1302–e1303, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag101 49 When “Logistics”Becomes Science: A Research Coordinator's Response on Team-Based Discovery 当"后勤"变成科学：一位研究协调员关于团队协作发现的回应 Cheryl Dullano The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Page e1304, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag102 50 Pushing the Stone Uphill Together 共同推石上山 Scott L Letendre The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1305–e1306, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag125 The Journal of Infectious Diseases. Volume 233 Issue 6 传染病杂志 233卷 6期 https://academic.oup.com/jid/issue/ Editorial（社论） 1 Increasing Handgrip Strength to Combat Frailty in Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Linking Immune Exhaustion to a Bone Health Indicator 提高握力以对抗人类免疫缺陷病毒患者的衰弱：将免疫耗竭与骨健康指标相联系 Jean-Pierre Routy and Stephane Isnard The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 975–976, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag082 2 Immune Checkpoint Inhibition Therapy Beyond the Tumor: Implications for Hepatitis B Virus in Hepatocellular Carcinoma 免疫检查点抑制疗法在肿瘤之外的应用：对肝细胞癌中乙型肝炎病毒的启示 Renato Bobadilla and Arthur Y Kim The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 977–980, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag058 Perspective（观点） 3 The Recurring Issue of Syphilis in Europe: Comment on “Ancient Genomes Reveal a Deep History of Treponema pallidum in the Americas” 欧洲梅毒的反复问题——评《古代基因组揭示美洲苍白密螺旋体的深层历史》 M Dehmane and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 981–982, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag022 ID Translational Science Update（传染病转化医学最新动态） 4 Evidence-Based Assessment of the Role of Pharyngeal Gonorrhea and Commensal Neisseria Species in the Emergence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Neisseria Gonorrhoeae: Data Gaps and Future Research  咽部淋病与共生奈瑟菌属在淋病奈瑟菌耐药性出现中作用的循证评估：数据缺口与未来研究 Amber D Kimble and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 983–994, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag197 Major Articles and Brief Reports（论著与简报） HIV/AIDs（人类免疫缺陷病毒/艾滋病） 5 Frailty in People with HIV Is Linked to Inflammation, Bone Health, and T-Cell Exhaustion  HIV感染者的衰弱与炎症、骨健康及T细胞耗竭相关 Michael L Freeman and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 995–1004, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag046 6 A New Type of Nonsuppressible Viremia Produced by HIV-Infected Macrophage HIV感染巨噬细胞产生的一种新型不可抑制性病毒血症 Matthew J Moeser and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 1005–1014, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag171 Viral Disease Pathogenesis（病毒性疾病发病机制） 7 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Rapid Decline in Hepatitis B Virus Markers Improves the Prognosis of Hepatitis B Virus–Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients 免疫检查点抑制剂诱导的乙型肝炎病毒标志物快速下降改善乙肝相关肝细胞癌患者的预后 Yujie Ran and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 1015–1026, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag036 8 Nasal Biomarkers of Acute Illness Severity and Predictors of Recurrent Wheeze in Infants Infected With Respiratory Syncytial Virus 呼吸道合胞病毒感染婴儿的急性疾病严重程度的鼻部生物标志物及反复喘息的预测因素 Mary T Caserta and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 1027–1035, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag049 9 Epidemiological, Clinical, and Virological Characterizations of Yezo Virus Infections, an Emerging Tick-borne Orthonairovirus Disease in Japan 日本新兴蜱传正内罗病毒病——耶佐病毒感染的流行病学、临床及病毒学特征 Hiroki Yamaguchi and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 1036–1045, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag073 10 Single-Cell Sequencing Reveals Varying Cell-Mediated Immunity Profiles in Individuals With Distinct Antibody Responses Following Ad5-nCoV Booster 单细胞测序揭示Ad5-nCoV加强针接种后不同抗体应答者的细胞免疫谱差异 Conghui Liao and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 1046–1057, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag078 11 Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus–Specific T-Cell Responses in Dromedary Camel Abattoir Workers in Nigeria Suggests Frequent Zoonotic Spillover 尼日利亚单峰驼屠宰场工人中中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒特异性T细胞反应提示频繁的人畜共患溢出 Chris K P Mok and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 1058–1062, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag095 12 Incidence and Severity of Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in the Omicron Era: A Prospective Cohort Study 奥密克戎时代SARS-CoV-2感染后急性后遗症的发生率与严重程度：一项前瞻性队列研究 Dan-Yu Lin and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 1063–1068, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag026 Bacterial Disease Pathogenesis（细菌性疾病发病机制） 13 Real-World Effectiveness of Sequential Pneumococcal Vaccination in Older Adults: A Cohort Study 老年人序贯肺炎球菌疫苗接种的现实有效性：一项队列研究 Yong Yi Tan and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 1069–1080, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag147 14 Safety and Immunogenicity of a Trivalent Salmonella Conjugate Vaccine to S. Typhi, S. Typhimurium, and S. Enteritidis 针对伤寒沙门氏菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和肠炎沙门氏菌的三价沙门氏菌结合疫苗的安全性与免疫原性 Wilbur H Chen and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 1081–1090, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag156 15 The Natural History of Mycoplasma genitalium in the Pharynx and Rectum in a Cohort of Men Who Have Sex With Men: Prevalence, Incidence, Duration, and Symptoms 生殖支原体在男男性行为者咽部和直肠中的自然史：患病率、发病率、持续时间及症状 Lindley A Barbee and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 1091–1099, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag173 16 A Genomic Analysis of Community-Associated C. difficile Infection Demonstrates Integration With National and International Strain Clusters and Limited Direct Transmission 社区相关性艰难梭菌感染的基因组分析显示其与国内外菌株簇的整合及有限的直接传播 Nicole D Pecora and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 1100–1109, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag176 Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR)（抗生素耐药） 17 Recurrent Plasmodium falciparum Parasitemia and Drug Resistance Mutations During Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Malaria in Pregnancy in Uganda 乌干达妊娠期疟疾间歇性预防治疗期间恶性疟原虫复现及耐药突变 Jimmy Kizza and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 1110–1119, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag074 18 Stepwise Evolution of Triple Antimicrobial Resistance in Neisseria meningitidis 脑膜炎奈瑟菌三重耐药性的逐步演化 José Eduardo O Marín and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 1120–1129, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag113 19 Asymptomatic Screening for Neisseria gonorrhoeae Among Gay and Bisexual Men Attending Public Sexual Health Services in Australia and Associations With Patterns of Ceftriaxone Consumption: A Retrospective Observational Study 澳大利亚男男性行为者在公共性健康服务机构中淋病奈瑟菌无症状筛查及其与头孢曲松消费模式的关联：一项回顾性观察研究 Arthur Wong and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 1130–1140, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag192 Editorial（社论） 20 Cytomegalovirus and Aging—How Can the Field Move Forward?  巨细胞病毒与衰老——该领域如何向前推进？ Michael Boeckh and Lawrence Corey The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1307–e1309, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag099 21 New Insights From Perinatal HIV: A Way Forward for HIV Cure Research 围产期HIV的新见解——HIV治愈研究的前进方向 Rajesh T Gandhi and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1310–e1312, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag057 ID Translational Science Update（传染病转化医学最新动态） 22 What's Hot in HIV in 2025—A Basic and Translational Science Review From IDWeek 2025  2025年HIV研究热点——IDWeek 2025基础与转化医学综述 Ana Rafaela Teixeira and Marina Caskey The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1313–e1319, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag135 Major Articles and Brief Reports（论著与简报） Viruses（病毒） 23 A Pathogen Penalty? Associations Between Persistent Infections and Biological Aging in the US  病原体惩罚？美国持续感染与生物学衰老之间的关联 Jennifer Momkus and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1320–e1329, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf606 24 Transient Interferon-Driven Natural Killer Cell Activation in Acute Hepatitis C  急性丙型肝炎中一过性干扰素驱动的自然杀伤细胞激活 Benedikt Strunz and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1330–e1340, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf654 25 Risk-Based Prophylactic Human Papillomavirus Vaccination of Heterosexual US Men Aged 27 to 45 Years for Prevention of Oropharyngeal Cancer 基于风险用以预防口咽癌的美国男性27至45岁异性恋人群预防性人乳头瘤病毒疫苗接种 Anil K Chaturvedi and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1341–e1344, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag038 26 Machine Learning–Enabled Quantification of Hepatocellular Necrosis in the Liver After Lethal Marburg and Ebola Virus Exposures 机器学习辅助定量分析致死性马尔堡病毒和埃博拉病毒暴露后肝脏肝细胞坏死程度 Yanling Liu and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1345–e1354, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag040 27 Influenza Vaccination Effectiveness Against Influenza-Associated Hospitalization in Children and the Effects of Repeated Vaccination  流感疫苗对儿童流感相关住院的有效性及重复接种的影响 Xuan Yu and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1355–e1363, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag047 28 Repeat Influenza Vaccination Effects in 2021/22 and 2022/23 in a Community-Based Cohort in Hong Kong  2021/22及2022/23季香港社区队列中重复接种流感疫苗的效果 Jennifer C Zhong and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1364–e1373, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag051 29 Anti-spike IgG Avidity Enhances Neutralization of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2: A Prospective Study of Primary Infections and Immunizations  抗刺突蛋白IgG亲合力增强对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2的中和作用：初次感染与免疫接种的前瞻性研究 Visa Nurmi and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1374–e1385, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag068 30 Genomic Evolution of Influenza A Virus During the 2024–2025 Season, the Johns Hopkins Health System: Antigenic Drift Reduces Serum Neutralization  2024—2025季约翰斯·霍普金斯卫生系统中甲型流感病毒的基因组进化：抗原漂移降低血清中和能力 David Villafuerte and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1386–e1395, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag069 HIV/AIDs（人类免疫缺陷病毒/艾滋病） 31 Dynamics of Intact and Defective Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Proviruses During Decades of Suppressive Antiretroviral Treatment in Young Adults With Perinatal HIV  围产期感染HIV青年人在数十年抑制性抗逆转录病毒治疗期间完整与缺陷型人类免疫缺陷病毒1型（HIV-1）前病毒的动态变化 Priya Khetan and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1396–e1406, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag045 32 Unsuppressed Viremia and Lower CD4 Count Associated With Faster Telomere Attrition in African Children With Perinatal Human Immunodeficiency Virus on Long-term Antiretroviral Therapy  未抑制的病毒血症及较低CD4计数与长期接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的非洲围产期感染HIV的儿童端粒加速缩短相关 Julian P G Shellard and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1407–e1417, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag060 33 Limited Sex-Based Differences in Viral Outcomes of ART-Treated SIV/SHIV Infection  ART治疗的SIV/SHIV感染中病毒学结局的性别差异有限 Kedan Endrias and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1418–e1422, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag064 34 Mitochondrial Haplogroups and Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in People Living With and Without HIV  线粒体单倍群与HIV感染者及非感染者的左心室舒张功能障碍 Craig Cronin and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1423–e1432, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag090 Bacterial Disease Pathogenesis（细菌性疾病发病机制） 35 Cefazolin Inoculum Effect and Cefazolin Microbiological Treatment Failure in Serious Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Infections: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study  甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌严重感染中头孢唑林接种效应与微生物学治疗失败：一项多中心回顾性队列研究 Mitchell A Jeffs and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1433–e1442, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag199 36 Investigation of Correlates of Protection Against Gonococcal Infection by Comparative Immunoprofiling of Responses in Experimental and Clinical Studies  通过实验和临床研究中免疫反应的比较分析，探究淋球菌感染保护的相关因素 Samantha A McKeand and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1443–e1453, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag216 Parasites（寄生虫） 37 Schistosoma mansoni Infections Are Associated With Fecal Calprotectin Markers of Gut Inflammation After Accounting for HIV, Hepatitis B, and Malaria  在控制HIV、乙型肝炎和疟疾因素后，曼氏血吸虫感染与肠道炎症粪便钙卫蛋白标志物相关 Lauren Wilburn and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1454–e1464, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag094 38 Expelling of Plasmodium falciparum Sporozoites by Anopheles stephensi Mosquitoes During Repeated Feeding  按蚊在反复吸血过程中驱逐恶性疟原虫子孢子 Chiara Andolina and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1465–e1469, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag130 39 Predicting Risk of Plasmodium Vivax Microscopy-Detected Episodes Using Serological Markers in Patients With Plasmodium falciparum Malaria: A Multicountry Diagnostic Performance Evaluation  利用血清学标志物预测恶性疟原虫疟疾患者中间日疟原虫镜检检出发作的风险：一项多国诊断效能评估 Maulina Hafidzah and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1470–e1479, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag164 40 Hidden Infections, Emerging Resistance: Underdiagnosed Plasmodium vivax and Multidrug Resistance-1 (pvmdr1) Gene Amplification in the Guiana Shield  隐匿感染，耐药新兴：圭亚那盾区漏诊的间日疟原虫及多药耐药基因1（pvmdr1）基因扩增 Maria Carolina Silva de Barros Puça and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1480–e1489, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag196 Fungi（真菌） 41 Treatment Monitoring and Outcome Prediction in Invasive Aspergillosis Using Immunologic Markers  利用免疫学标志物监测侵袭性曲霉病的治疗效果及预后预测 Ana Pereira and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1490–e1499, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag140 42 MHC-I Upregulation and Increased Glucose Dependence Define Innate Antifungal Immune Responses to Cryptococcus neoformans  MHC-I上调及葡萄糖依赖性增加是针对新型隐球菌的先天抗真菌免疫应答的特征 Ayesha S Nair and Karen L Wozniak The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1500–e1510, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag144 Letters to the Editor（致编辑的信） 43 Infectious Disease Risk Management in Body Donation Programs 遗体捐献项目中的传染病风险管理 Brandi Schmitt and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1511–e1512, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf579 44 In Response to Schmitt et al: Data Do Not Support Exclusionary Policies 回应Schmitt等人：数据不支持排斥性政策 Sara Gianella and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1513–e1515, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf580 45 CXCR6 in the Blood Is Not the Liver: Clarifying NK-Cell “Homing” and Postcure ADCC Imprints in Acute Hepatitis C 血液中的CXCR6不等于肝脏：澄清急性丙型肝炎中NK细胞"归巢"及治愈后ADCC印迹 Anxin Wen The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1516–e1517, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag044 46 Holding One Another in a Time of Loss and Uncertainty 在失去与不确定的时代中彼此守望 Sara Gianella The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1518–e1519, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag110 47 Comment on “Comparative Analysis of High-Dose Dual Therapies in First-Line Helicobacter pylori Eradication: An Inverse Probability of Treatment-Weighted Multicenter Study” 评《高剂量双联方案一线根除幽门螺杆菌的比较分析：一项基于逆概率治疗加权的多中心研究》 Guofu Mao and others The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1520–e1521, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag139 Corrections（勘误） 48 Correction to: Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Norovirus Infections Among Diarrhea Patients Admitted to Tertiary Care Hospitals in Bangladesh  勘误：孟加拉国三级医院腹泻住院患者中诺如病毒感染的流行病学及危险因素 The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Page e1522, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag234 49 Correction to: Rickettsia rickettsii subsp californica subsp nov, the Etiologic Agent of Pacific Coast Tick Fever  勘误：立克次体加州亚种新亚种——太平洋海岸蜱传热的病原体 The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1523–e1524, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag016 50 Correction to: Hybrid B- and T-Cell Immunity Associates With Protection Against Breakthrough Infection After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Vaccination in Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) Participants  勘误：杂合B细胞和T细胞免疫与严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2疫苗接种后突破性感染的保护相关——艾文纵向父母与儿童研究（ALSPAC）参与者分析 The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 233, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Page e1525, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiag161